Molecular mechanisms underlying plant cell death in response to cell wall stress

最近，大量的兴趣集中在生产具有高纤维素含量的植物，其可用作生物燃料原料的可再生来源。纤维素是在植物细胞壁中发现的复杂糖，在那里它与半纤维素、果胶和结构或调节蛋白质相关联。植物细胞壁形成细胞外基质，对于保护植物细胞免受环境因素和入侵病原体的侵害至关重要。植物细胞壁的确切组成和结构在植物生长和发育过程中发生变化，并且还可以响应各种不利条件进行修改，以确保植物生长和存活。有趣的是，植物细胞可以逐渐适应由纤维素合成抑制剂引起的细胞壁应激。然而，细胞壁的合成和组织中的重要扰动可能导致细胞死亡。

Recently, a lot of interest has focused on the production of plants with high cellulose content that could be used as renewable source of biofuel feed stock. Cellulose is a complex sugar found in plant cell walls, where it is associated with hemicellulose, pectins and structural or regulatory proteins. Plant cell walls form an extracellular matrix essential to protect plant cells from environmental factors and invading pathogens. The exact composition and structure of plant cell walls change during plant growth and development and can also be modified in response to various adverse conditions to ensure plant growth and survival. Interestingly, plant cells can progressively be adapted to cell wall stress caused by inhibitors of cellulose synthesis. Nonetheless, important perturbations in the synthesis and organisation of the cell wall may lead to cell death.