Coastal and Shelf Dynamics over the Eastern Canadian Shelf

从拉布拉多海到缅因湾的加拿大东部大陆架上的海洋和沿海资源受到工业的巨大压力，例如大浅滩和斯科特大陆架上的近海捕鱼和石油和天然气开发，以及芬迪湾和缅因湾潜在的潮汐能开采和沿海大型采石场。为了对该地区的河口、沿海和海洋生态系统进行基于生态系统的管理，需要更好地了解该地区的环流、水文和变化等物理条件。本建议的长期目标是在从几小时到几年的时间尺度上模拟和预测环流和相关的变化，并根据数值模拟和现有观测确定影响加拿大东部大陆架沿海和大陆架动力学的主要物理过程。该提案的短期目标是：(1)开发可重新定位的嵌套网格海洋环流模拟系统；(2)量化芬迪湾潮汐能提取对缅因湾三维环流和水文的远场影响；(3)根据模式结果和在这些地区的观测，研究加拿大东部大陆架几个海洋敏感地区（如苏格兰大陆架沟槽）的环流和变率。最先进的嵌套网格模拟系统也将用于研究受淡水径流和相关变化影响的加拿大东部大陆架沿岸和大陆架动力学过程。拟议研究所支持的建模工作将是朝着该地区可操作的海洋预测系统迈出的重要一步。拟议的研究也将对训练在模拟和预测海洋环境条件方面的高素质人员作出重大贡献，这对加拿大在这一领域进行国际竞争的能力至关重要。

Marine and coastal resources over the eastern Canadian continental shelf from the Labrador Sea to the Gulf of Maine are under significant pressure from industry, such as offshore fishing and oil and gas development over the Grand Banks and the Scotian Shelf, and potential tidal energy extraction and coastal mega-quarries in the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine. Better knowledge of physical conditions such as circulation, hydrography and variability over the region is needed for an ecosystem-based management of estuarine, coastal and marine ecosystems over the region. The long-term objectives of this proposal are to model and predict circulation and associated variability at timescales ranging from a few hours to a few years and to identify main physical processes affecting coastal and shelf dynamics on the eastern Canadian shelf based on numerical simulations and available observations. The short-term objectives of the proposal are: (1) to develop a relocatable nested-grid ocean circulation modelling system; (2) to quantify the far-field effects of tidal energy extraction in the Bay of Fundy on the three-dimensional circulation and hydrography in the Gulf of Maine; and (3) to examine the circulation and variability over several marine sensitive areas of the eastern Canadian shelf such as the Gully of the Scotian Shelf based on model results and observations made in the areas. The state-of-the-art nested-grid modelling system will also be used in the process study of coastal and shelf dynamics over the eastern Canadian shelf affected by freshwater runoff and associated variability. The modelling work to be supported by the proposed research will be a major step toward an operational ocean prediction system for the region. The proposed research will also make significant contribution to the training of highly qualified personnel in modelling and prediction of marine environmental conditions, which is crucial for Canada's ability to compete internationally in this field.