"Dr. OS: Operating system analysis, debugging and security tools based on dynamic binary translation"

计算机操作系统（OS）为用户应用提供重要服务，包括控制物理计算机硬件的共享使用，同时隐藏物理设备访问的复杂性，并保护应用（以及用户）免受其他应用的意外或恶意访问。 此外，他们必须高效地提供这些服务，并不断适应必须管理的不断变化的物理硬件和新类别应用程序不断变化的需求。 这并不奇怪，就像任何大型软件项目一样，操作系统包含错误。 然而，由于操作系统的特权地位，操作系统中的错误可能会威胁到所有应用程序和用户数据的可靠性和安全性。更令人惊讶的是，与那些广泛用于提高用户级软件应用程序质量的工具相比，操作系统开发人员可用的程序开发工具的状况很差。

Computer operating systems (OSs) provide vital services to user applications, including controlling the shared use of the physical computer hardware while hiding the complexity of physical device access and protecting applications (and by extention, the users) from unwanted access by other applications, whether accidental or malicious. Moreover, they must provide these services efficiently and constantly adapt to shifting physical hardware that must be managed and the changing demands of new classes of applications. It is not surprising to find that, like any large software project, operating systems contain bugs. However, due to the OS's privileged position, bugs in the OS can threaten the reliability and security of all applications and user data that have been entrusted to it. A greater surprise is the poor state of program development tools that are available to OS developers, in comparison to those widely used to improve the quality of user-level software applications.