Donor-acceptor polymers and complexes for photocells and photoinduced H2-evolution

这一题为“用于光电池和光诱导氢释放的供体-受体聚合物和复合物”的提案涉及与清洁能源有关的两个具体主题。1-应用于聚合物光伏电池设计的低带隙聚合物。 2-使用新型均相双功能染料-Pt 2催化剂的光诱导H2释放（PHE）。由于明显的经济和环境问题，将太阳光转化为电力现在是公众高度关注的主题，并且不同政府（联邦和省）和行业越来越多地投入该领域的资金。目前的趋势集中在塑料太阳能电池上，因为与用半导体硅材料设计的刚性固态太阳能电池板相比，它们的生产成本似乎更低。在该提案中，新聚合物的设计将集中在两个关键参数上。首先，材料应该在给定的波长下吸收更多的光子，这种特性称为吸收率。其次，材料应该吸收更多太阳光谱红色区域的光子。后者是通过以共轭方式（即在整个链上电子通信）在（供体-受体）n的重复序列上构建聚合物来实现的。这产生了被称为电荷转移的供体-受体相互作用，并且在红色区域出现了新的吸收带。将太阳光和水直接转化为氢是有吸引力的，因为它显然是清洁的，而且如果考虑到塑料太阳能电池（约7- 8%）和水的水解（H2O = H2 + 1/2 O2;约50%）的当前最佳效率，则在不那么遥远的将来也可以被认为是经济上可行的。所提出的新催化剂的设计是可溶于常见的有机溶剂由2至4个染料连接到一个双铂物种。染料的作用是吸收光，这将有助于触发电子转移到双铂物质，双铂物质易于从添加的水或酸中吸收质子。因此，总反应是H+ +1 e- + light = 1/2 H2。

This proposal entitled "Donor-acceptor polymers and complexes for photocells and photoinduced H2-evolution" deals with two specific themes related to clean energy. 1- Low band gap polymers for applications in the design of polymer photovoltaic cells. 2- Photoinduced H2 evolution (PHE) using new homogeneous difunctional dye-Pt2 catalysts. The conversion of sun light into electricity is now a subject of high public interest for obvious economic and environmental issues and funding in this area is increasingly being dedicated by different governments (federal and provincial) and industry. The current tendency is focussed on plastic solar cells as they appear to be cheaper to produce in comparison with the rigid solid state solar panels designed with semi-conducting silicon materials. In this proposal, the design of new polymers will be made focussing onto two key parameters. First, the materials should absorb more photons at a given wavelength, a property called absorptivity. Second, the materials should absorb more photons in the red region of the solar spectrum. The latter is achieved by building the polymers upon a repetitive sequence of (donor-acceptor)n in a conjugated manner (i.e. electronically communicating across the chain). This creates donor-acceptor interactions called charge transfer and a new absorption band appears in the red region. The conversion of sun light and water directly into hydrogen is appealing because it is obviously clean but also can be considered economically viable in a non-so remote future if one considers the current best efficiencies for plastic solar cells (about 7-8 %) and hydrolysis of water (H2O = H2 + 1/2 O2; about 50%). The design of the proposed new catalysts which is soluble in common organic solvents consists of 2 to 4 dyes attached to a diplatinum species. The role of the dye is to absorb the light which will help trigger an electron transfer to the diplatinum species which is prone to absorb protons from added water or acids. So, the overall reaction is H+ + 1e- + light = 1/2 H2.