High performance near-IR-active macro- and nano-Metal-Organic-Frameworks using organic dyes

使用有机染料的高性能近红外活性宏观和纳米金属有机框架

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05289
• 负责人: Harvey, Pierre
• 金额: $ 3.5万
• 依托单位: Université de Sherbrooke
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=748683
• 关键词: performance; near; IR; active; macro

This research consists at designing nano-sized porous materials exhibiting multiple functions. First, these porous materials are built with an inorganic part called node and a rigid organic unit. Together, they form a 3-dimensional porous frame of various forms and cavity sizes. This material belongs to the family of coordination polymers, more specifically to metal-organic-frameworks (MOFs). Thus, the voids created by this assembly can be filled with molecules making them cargos. The word coordination means that the link between the metal and organic parts is a coordination bond, which is weaker than a covalent one. This relative fragility can be used to trigger a breakdown of the framework, therefore a release of the molecules inside the cargos (i.e. drug delivery). Second, the specificity of the proposal is that the organic units are dyes absorbing and emitting in the phototherapeutic window (650-850 nm) with an optimum position at 800 nm where light penetrates best through skin (note that the near-IR region is 780-2500 nm). In simple words, one can trigger a drug release from the outside of the patient using a radiation of 650-850 nm range. Moreover, the emission from the dye inside an organ can best escape at 800 nm and be detected outside the patient by a near-IR detector. This process is called optical imaging. Third, some dyes can absorb light and heat to up the point that the MOFs breaks down (because of the weakness of the coordination bond). Also the increase in heat by itself can also cause dammage to the living cells. It is called photothermal therapy. Fourth, oxygen is everywhere. These dyes also have the capacity to absorb light and transfer its energy to oxygen by simple contact or collision. Upon energy transfer, oxygen becomes singlet oxygen (gained energy) and is very toxic to living cell. This process is called photodynamic therapy. Interestingly, once the MOF is broken down, the dye is intact and can still be photo-active for the generation of singlet oxygen. With the appropriate dye or dyes, the construction of nano-MOFs (for medical applications as this size is appropriate to penetrate the living cells) requires only a few steps and will exhibit four target functions : imaging, drug delivery, photothermal and photodynamic therapy. This is a new concept four in one, three of them are designed to kill cancer cells. Because MOFs are easily modifyable at their surface, recognition receptors (to recognize the cancer cells) and near-IR emissive dyes can be anchored on.

本研究旨在设计具有多种功能的纳米多孔材料。首先，这些多孔材料由称为节点的无机部分和刚性有机单元组成。它们一起形成各种形式和腔体尺寸的三维多孔框架。这种材料属于配位聚合物家族，更具体地说，属于金属有机框架（MOF）。因此，由这种组装产生的空隙可以被分子填充，使它们成为货物。配位这个词意味着金属和有机部分之间的连接是配位键，它比共价键弱。这种相对脆弱性可用于触发框架的分解，因此释放货物内的分子（即药物递送）。第二，该提议的特殊性在于有机单元是在光疗窗口（650-850 nm）中吸收和发射的染料，其中最佳位置在800 nm处，其中光最好地穿透皮肤（注意，近IR区域是780-2500 nm）。简而言之，可以使用650-850 nm范围的辐射从患者外部触发药物释放。此外，来自器官内的染料的发射可以在800 nm处最好地逃逸，并且可以通过近红外检测器在患者体外检测到。这个过程称为光学成像。第三，一些染料可以吸收光和热，直到MOF分解（由于配位键的弱点）。此外，热量的增加本身也会对活细胞造成损害。它被称为光热疗法。第四，氧气无处不在。这些染料还具有吸收光并通过简单的接触或碰撞将其能量转移到氧气的能力。能量转移后，氧变成单线态氧（获得能量），对活细胞非常有毒。这个过程被称为光动力疗法。有趣的是，一旦MOF被分解，染料是完整的，并且仍然可以具有光活性以产生单线态氧。使用适当的染料或染料，纳米-MOFs的构建（用于医学应用，因为这种尺寸适合穿透活细胞）只需要几个步骤，并且将表现出四个目标功能：成像，药物递送，光热和光动力治疗。这是一个四合一的新概念，其中三个是为了杀死癌细胞。由于MOFs在其表面很容易修饰，识别受体（识别癌细胞）和近红外发射染料可以锚定。