Eliminating hazardous chemicals in key processes in the pharmaceutical sector

几乎所有化学合成都涉及两种关键类型的反应：碳-碳键形成反应和官能团转化。前者对于建立药物、农用化学品、散装或石化产品的碳骨架至关重要。后者对于用使化学品“工作”的化学功能来装饰这个骨架是必不可少的，例如，允许药物与细胞相互作用的功能，或允许农用化学品作为肥料工作的功能。此外，通常需要官能团操作来“设置”碳碳键形成反应，例如在格氏反应之前将醇氧化成酮。氧化和还原是两种最常见的官能团相互转化。本建议侧重于后一种转变。

There are two key types of reactions that are involved in almost every chemical synthesis: carbon-carbon bond forming reactions, and functional group transformations. The former is essential for building up the carbon skeleton of a pharmaceutical, agrochemical, bulk or petrochemical. The latter is essential for decorating this skeleton with the chemical functionality that makes the chemical "work", for example, the functionality that allows a drug to interact with cells, or allows an agrochemical to work as a fertilizer. In addition, functional group manipulations are often needed to 'set-up' carbon carbon bond forming reactions such as oxidizing an alcohol to a ketone before a Grignard reaction. Oxidations and reductions are the two most common functional group interconversions. This proposal focuses on the latter transformation.