Improved Understanding of Thermosphere-Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling Using Lidar Measurements

日地关系是研究太阳光和粒子能量如何进入地球大气层-电离层-磁层系统并通过其分布的科学。电离层是高层大气(距地球表面80至500公里)的带电区域，而磁层是太阳磁场与地球磁场相互作用形成的地球周围空间的延伸区域。大气部分传统上强调太阳能与低层大气的相互作用。在过去的20年里，人们已经认识到，低层大气与高层大气和电离层之间的耦合对于理解该系统至关重要。因此，有必要在大范围的高度范围内进行同步测量，以提供必要的信息，以便了解影响天气和气候的过程，无论是在地表附近还是在地表以上100公里处。

Solar-terrestrial relations is the study of how solar light and particle energy enters and is distributed through Earth's atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere system. The ionosphere is the electrically charged region of the upper atmosphere (80 to 500 km above Earth's surface) while the magnetosphere is the extended region of space around Earth resulting from the Sun's magnetic field interacting with Earth's magnetic field. The atmospheric component traditionally emphasizes the interaction of solar energy with the lower atmosphere. Over the last 20 years it has been realized that the coupling of the lower atmosphere with the upper atmosphere and ionosphere is critical to understanding the system. Thus, simultaneous measurements over a wide range of heights are necessary to provide the inputs needed to understand processes which affect weather and climate, both near the surface and 100s of km above the surface.