The genomics of poplar-rust interactions to improve tree resistance against fungal disease

白杨是短轮伐期集约经营人工林生产力最高的树种之一。加强森林密集管理的趋势将使我们不仅能够满足我们的经济需要，而且能够通过使我们能够将大片自然地区用于养护来解决环境问题。然而，只有当我们能够保护商业树木种植免受破坏性疾病的侵害时，这些收益才能实现。树木的生命周期很长，必须有准确的机制来感知微生物的入侵，并建立复杂的信号网络，以激活适当的防御反应。白杨（Populus spp.）现在被认为是基因组学研究的模式树种。研究杨树在生体营养型栅锈菌侵染过程中的防御机制，对于在分子水平上研究树木与微生物的相互作用具有重要意义。我们采用各种方法来提高我们对森林害虫的树木防御反应的机械理解。我们的工作将使分子标记的发展，以提高树木的抗性育种效率，并开发和监测新的生物控制方法。

Poplar represents one of the most productive species for short rotation intensively managed plantations. The trend towards greater intensive forest management will allow us to meet not only our economic needs but also address environmental concerns by allowing us to devote large natural areas to conservation. These gains however will only be realized if we can protect commercial tree cultivation from damaging diseases. With their long life cycle, trees must have accurate mechanisms of sensing microbial invasion and elaborate signalling networks in order to activate the appropriate defence response. With the availability of its whole genome sequence, ease of growth and clonal propagation, and routine transformation, poplar (Populus spp.) is now considered as a model tree species for genomics research. The study of the poplar defense mechanisms during infection with the biotrophic Melampsora rust pathogen holds great potential for the study of tree-microbe interaction at the molecular level. We pursue various approaches to improve our mechanistic understanding of the tree defence response against forest pests. Our work will allow the development of molecular markers for improving efficiency of breeding for resistance in trees and to develop and monitor new biological control methods.