Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Room Sound Fields

房间内的声学环境直接影响着居住者的健康、舒适、生产效率和享受。这类问题的直接和间接社会经济代价可能是巨大的。拟议的研究将开发改进的工具，用于预测和控制声音，以及准确地描述房间表面和材料的声学特征。声学环境可以设计和控制。一旦遇到问题，这通常是以巨大的代价进行追溯的。在设计阶段优化声学环境是具有成本效益的。必须以具有成本效益的方式采用追溯控制措施。噪声控制传统上涉及被动方法；未来的噪声控制必须涉及主动方法。室内声场预测和声学设计依赖于可靠的测试数据。由标准管理并在标准化测试设施中进行的测试必须是有效的。用于测量表面吸收、传输和散射的混响测试室受到了质疑，需要进一步调查和改进。房间设计需要准确的预测模型和相关的输入数据。真实的房间表面如何吸收和散射声音仍然不是很清楚，尽管我们知道它有很大的影响。这里提出的工作旨在通过开发和应用现场技术来获得可靠的数据来解决这一问题。这项拟议的研究将从实验和数值两个方面研究房间声场的基本方面。将使用数值方法来预测漫射声场，并制定混响室设计的改进标准。为了准备将主动噪声控制应用于“装配的”工作室，我们将通过实验研究障碍物对室内压力场的声散射及其影响。现有的测量方法将扩展到房间，并应用逆方法来现场表征表面。将开发和测试一个新的房间声学参数和相关的设计标准。

Acoustical environments in rooms have direct effects on the health, comfort, productivity and enjoyment of the occupants. The direct and indirect socio-economic costs of such problems can be enormous. The proposed research will develop improved tools for predicting and controlling sound, and for the accurate acoustical characterization of room surfaces and materials. Acoustical environments can be designed and controlled. This is often done retroactively, once problems are experienced, at great expense. Optimization of the acoustical environment at the design stage is cost-effective. Retroactive control measures must be introduced in a cost-effective manner. Noise control traditionally involves passive methods; the future of noise control must involve active methods. Room sound-field prediction and acoustical design rely on reliable test data. Testing governed by standards and performed in standardized test facilities must be valid. Reverberation test rooms - used to measure surface absorption, transmission and scattering - have been questioned, and require further investigation and refinement. Room design requires accurate prediction models and associated input data. How real room surfaces absorb and scatter sound is still not well understood, though we know it has a huge effect. Work proposed here aims to resolve this by developing and applying in-situ techniques to obtain reliable data. The proposed research will investigate fundamental aspects of room sound fields experimentally and numerically. Numerical methods will be used to predict diffuse sound fields and develop improved criteria for the design of reverberation rooms. In preparation for applying active noise control to 'fitted' workrooms, sound scattering of pressure fields by obstacles and their effects in rooms will be investigated experimentally. Existing measurement methods will be extended to rooms, and inverse methods applied, to characterize surfaces in situ. A new room-acoustical parameter and associated design criteria will be developed and tested.