The cognitive and neural bases of letter and sound knowledge in reading

印刷文字是一项极其宝贵的人类创新。它允许语言使用者记录他们的想法和想法，并将其传达给其他人。然而，流畅的阅读要求读者将多种类型的感知信息和心理知识结合起来，以便处理书面语篇。目前的建议探讨了阅读的一个基本要素：快速融合语言的视觉形式--正字法--与语言的口语形式--音韵学。我们的理论，这个视听（AV）的整合过程代表了阅读的一个基本组成部分，设置有效的阅读收购学龄儿童和熟练的读者有效的视觉单词识别的阶段。

The printed word is an immensely valuable human innovation. It allows a language user to record their thoughts and ideas, and to convey them to other individuals who are not immediately present. Nevertheless, fluent reading requires readers to bring together multiple types of perceptual information and mental knowledge in order process a written text. The present proposal examines a fundamental element of reading: rapidly merging the visual form of language - orthography - with knowledge of the spoken form of language - phonology. We theorize that this audio-visual (A-V) integration process represents a fundamental building block of reading, setting the stage for effective reading acquisition in school-age children and efficient visual word recognition in skilled readers.