Smart micro hybrid renewable energy systems

传统的“中央”发电厂效率低下，对环境造成相当大的影响，而且通常远离负荷中心。相比之下，使用风能和太阳能等能源的可再生分布式发电厂可以提高能源效率，减少碳排放，提高电力质量和可靠性，并减少线路损耗。风能和太阳能系统设计者面临着这些能源的随机性和波动性的重大问题。但是，一般观察到，风力和太阳强度具有互补性;晴天通常有平静的风，而强风往往发生在阴天，傍晚和夜间。因此，如果风能和太阳能系统与存储设备和/或本地发电单元以所谓的混合设置相结合，则可以实现具有高得多的发电容量因子的更连续的能量供应，从而解决工厂输出中的能量波动问题。为了减小储能设备的尺寸并提高系统可靠性，同时最大限度地利用可再生资源，可以将本地分布式能源耦合起来，形成基于智能混合可再生能源系统的微型能源。具有即插即用功能的微型电源是多功能的，因为各种能源可以随时添加到系统中或从系统中移除，而不会影响其他单元的性能。地理位置、绿色激励措施、燃料成本、电价套利以及所在地的电网可靠性都涉及到适当的微源建筑单元的选择。在这种智能混合微源中，单元之间的功率交换的控制和管理对于实现混合系统的稳定操作和最佳利用是至关重要的。拟议的研究提出了一个全面的计划，以解决与独立和并网应用的智能耦合混合动力系统的控制和电源管理相关的多个问题。

Traditional "central" power plants are inefficient, result in considerable environmental impact, and are typically far from load centres. In contrast, renewable distributed generation plants, with energy sources such as wind and solar, result in increased energy efficiency, reduced carbon emissions, improved power quality and reliability, and reduced line losses. Wind and solar energy system designers face a significant problem in the random, fluctuating nature of these energy sources. However, it is generally observed that wind and sun intensity have a complementary nature; sunny days normally have calm winds, and strong winds often occur on cloudy days, in the evening and at night. Thus it is possible to achieve a more continuous energy supply with much higher generating capacity factors if wind and solar energy systems are combined with storage devices and/or local generating units in what is known as a hybrid setup, solving the problem of energy fluctuations in plant output. To reduce the size of energy storage devices and increase system reliability while maximizing renewable resource use, local distributed energy resources can be coupled to form micro-sources based on smart hybrid renewable energy systems. A micro-source with plug-and-play capability is versatile, as various kinds of energy sources can be added to or removed from the system at any time without affecting the performance of other units. Geographic location, green incentives, fuel costs, electricity price arbitrage, and grid reliability at the location are all involved in the selection of appropriate micro-source building units. In such smart hybrid micro-sources, control and management of power exchange among units is critical to achieve stable operation and optimal utilization of the hybrid system. The proposed research presents a comprehensive plan to address multiple issues related to control and power management of smart coupled hybrid systems for standalone and grid-connected applications.