Building Information Modeling (BIM) for the Project Lifecycle

建筑业面临着巨大的挑战，以满足对建筑环境的增长和更新的需求，满足日益激进的可持续发展目标，以及面对严峻的经济限制。建筑信息建模(BIM)与更具协作性的采购模式相结合，被认为具有最大的潜力来改变行业实践，以满足这些需求。BIM涉及一种新的项目交付方法，侧重于开发、使用和共享数字、信息丰富的设施模型，该模型构成了项目生命周期期间决策的基础。BIM的一个承诺是，供应链中的所有学科都可以为设施的基于模型的设计做出贡献，将基于性能的设计的概念扩展到项目产品的并行设计，在这种情况下是设施。尽管目前的工程方法和工具允许使用BIM进行特定于学科的分析，但在集成、协调和了解设施的各种模型之间的许多关系方面仍然存在重大问题。拟议的基于模型的多学科协调研究的重点是通过促进更好地协调、综合和管理建筑信息和相关进程来解决这些问题。未来五年的研究将集中在协调问题上，这些问题在设计和施工中具有跨多学科的广泛适用性，并促进在项目生命周期中使用BIM。具体地说，这项研究将集中在协调问题的三个方面：识别和管理跨不同学科特定模型的变化(例如，结构、机械和建筑模型之间的变化)；在不同阶段之间的建筑信息传递中表示和分析BIM的遵从性(例如，机械模型的遵从性以满足业主对设施管理的要求)；以及作为协作决策过程的一部分与BIM数据交互(例如，在不同的2D和3D表示之间导航)。这项研究需要一个多学科和应用的方法，这将通过与计算机科学和建筑学方面的教师研究人员以及与行业合作伙伴的持续合作来实现。这项研究的结果将帮助项目团队做出更明智的决策，更好地管理他们的过程，以满足时间、预算和质量的限制，并更灵活地适应不断变化的环境。通过为基于模型和协作的项目交付过程提供更好的支持，我们将对最终产品产生重大影响，包括以更低的成本更好地发挥作用的更高质量、更可持续的建筑。

The construction industry faces significant challenges to meet the demand for growth and renewal of the built environment, to meet increasingly aggressive sustainability targets, and to confront severe economic constraints. Building Information Modeling (BIM) coupled with more collaborative procurement modes is seen as having the greatest potential to transform industry practices to meet these demands. BIM involves a new approach to project delivery that focuses on developing, using and sharing a digital, information-rich model of a facility that forms the basis for decisions during the project life-cycle. A promise of BIM is that all disciplines in the supply chain can contribute to the model-based design of a facility, expanding the concept of performance-based design to the concurrent design of a project’s product, in this case the facility. Although current engineering methods and tools allow for discipline-specific analysis with BIM, there remain significant issues with integrating, coordinating, and understanding the many relationships between and among the various models of a facility. The proposed research on model-based multi-disciplinary coordination is focused on addressing these issues by enabling better coordinated, integrated and managed building information and related processes. Research over the next five years will focus on coordination issues that have broad applicability across multiple disciplines within design and construction, and that facilitate the use of BIM across the project life-cycle. Specifically, this research will focus on three aspects of the coordination problem: identifying and managing changes across the different discipline-specific models (e.g., changes between structural, mechanical, and construction models); representing and analyzing the compliance of BIMs at the building information handover between phases (e.g., the compliance of the mechanical model to meet the owner’s requirements for facility management); and interacting with BIM data as part of a collaborative decision-making process (e.g., navigating between different 2D and 3D representations). This research requires a multi-disciplinary and applied approach, which will be accomplished through continued collaborations with faculty researchers in computer science and architecture and with industry partners. The results of this research will help project teams make more informed decisions, and better manage their process to meet constraints of time, budget, and quality, and more flexibly adapt to changing circumstances. By providing better support for a model-based and collaborative project delivery process, we will have a significant impact on the resulting end product, including higher quality, more sustainable buildings that perform better at reduced cost.