Source-Controlled Remediation with Combined Geosynthetic and Cement-Based Solidification/Stabilization Systems

加拿大布朗菲尔德场地的补救是对加拿大经济和环境的严重挑战。加拿大联邦政府通过为期15年的《联邦污染场地行动计划》，已拨款35亿加元，用于评估和处理其21 000个已查明的场地。需要采取经济和可持续的方法对这些场地进行补救;如果潜在补救项目的成本过高，那么对布朗菲尔德场地进行补救的动机无疑会很低。这类工作的经济附带利益很大。正如加拿大自然资源联合会在2009年指出的那样，在布朗菲尔德重建中每投资1美元，平均就有3.80美元投资于经济。 用水泥混合污染土壤是一种补救技术，在加拿大越来越受欢迎;最近的例子是悉尼焦油池项目耗资5 200万加元对70万吨污染沉积物进行补救。其中大部分费用用于购买水泥。这一技术依赖于控制污染物从场地的释放（即源头控制补救）。然而，这项技术在加拿大的实施提出了几个问题：1）源控制方法在加拿大经历冻融的寒冷地区的效果如何？2)如何使用土工合成材料改进该技术，同时以更低的成本实施？本研究试图为这些问题提供一些答案。研究生（1名博士，1名硕士）将进行研究，检查水泥基固化/稳定（CB S/S）处理污染土壤的冻融水力性能。其他人（2个博士，3个硕士）将检查土工膜和土工合成粘土衬垫（即制造的衬垫系统）作为CB S/S系统的垂直截止和覆盖系统的长期适用性，以降低整个修复系统的成本（即水泥的百分比），但保持污染物的长期源控制。每个研究生都将接受加拿大强大的工程服务行业对技术知识和专业技能的培训。

The remediation of brownfield sites in Canada represents a serious challenge to the Canadian economy and environment. The federal government of Canada, through the 15-year Federal Contaminated Sites Action Plan, has allocated $3.5 billion to assess and deal with their 21,000 identified sites. Economic and sustainable approaches for remediation of these sites are required; if the cost of a potential remediation project is excessive, the motivation of remediating the brownfield site will undoubtedly be low. Economic spinoffs from this type of work are significant. As noted by The Federation of Canadian Municipalities in 2009, for every $1 invested in brownfield redevelopment, an average of $3.80 is invested in the economy. Mixing contaminated soil with cement is a remediation technique that is gaining traction in Canada; the most recent example being the remediation of 700,000 tonnes of contaminated sediment at the Sydney Tar Ponds Project at a cost of $52 million. Most of this cost relates to purchase of cement. This technique relies on controlling the release of contamination from the site (i.e. source-controlled remediation). However, implementation of this technology in Canada poses several questions: 1) How well will the source-control approach work for cold regions in Canada which undergo freeze/thaw? 2) How can the technology be improved with geosynthetics, yet implemented at lower cost? This research attempts to provide some answers to these questions. Graduate students (1 PhD, 1 Masters) will perform research examining the freeze/thaw hydraulic performance of cement-based solidification/stabilization (CB S/S) treatment of contaminated soil. Others (2 PhD, 3 Masters) will examine the long term suitability of geomembranes and geosynthetic clay liners (i.e. manufactured liner systems) as vertical cutoffs and cover systems for CB S/S systems in order to reduce the cost (i.e. percentage of cement) in the overall remediation system, yet maintain the long-term source-control of contaminants. Each graduate student will receive training in the technical knowledge and professional skills-sets in high demand by Canada's strong engineering services industry.