Energy-aware heterogeneous access and sensor networks

最近的研究表明，今天的互联网的电力消耗大约是一个典型的经合组织国家电力供应的0.3%。然而，随着宽带接入在大多数发达国家变得越来越普遍，对于上升到100 Mb/s的平均接入速率，互联网的功耗估计上升到一个国家的全国电力供应的7%以上，这转化为几TWh的功耗和数百万美元的费用以及每年的碳气体排放吨。当前互联网的功耗主要由其第一英里接入网络主导。结果表明，在典型的网络场景中，传输和核心网络约占总功耗的30%，而接入网络占剩余的70%。 在这项研究计划中，我们探索新的思路，以提高能源效率的以太网无源光网络为基础的光纤到户/企业和混合光纤无线（FiWi）宽带接入网络。拟议的研究活动将研究节能技术和机制的机会，帮助节省电力在光和无线网络域。其中，我们研究了协调睡眠调度算法的光网络单元和无线接入点，通过网络编码的数据聚合，mixying，和选择性的多路径路由。为了实现未来绿色视频主导的互联网，我们特别注意利用各种类型的视频应用的独特流量特性，例如，视频流，以提高FiWi接入网络中的带宽效率视频传输。虽然以前关于“绿色”通信网络的大部分工作集中在减少其能源消耗和温室气体排放上，但我们将研究节能接入网络在其他高度相关的部门，即电网和运输中的作用。我们探索利用光纤传感器和无线传感器增强FiWi宽带接入网络的机会，并采用它们将最大的人为二氧化碳排放源传统电网转换为未来的智能电网。

Recent studies show that the power consumption of today's Internet is around 0.3% of the electricity supply of a typical OECD country. However, as broadband access becomes increasingly commonplace in most developed countries, the power consumption of the Internet is estimated to rise to more than 7% of a country's national electricity supply for an average access rate rising to 100 Mb/s, which translates into a power consumption of several TWh and expenses of millions of dollars and tons of carbon gas emissions per year. The power consumption of the current Internet is largely dominated by its first-mile access networks. It was shown that in a typical network scenario, transport and core networks represent roughly 30% of the total power consumption, while access networks account for the remaining 70%. In this research proposal, we explore new ideas to improve the energy-efficiency of Ethernet passive optical network based fiber-to-the-home/business and hybrid fiber-wireless (FiWi) broadband access networks. The proposed research activities will study the opportunities of power-saving techniques and mechanisms that help save power in both the optical and wireless network domains. Among others, we study coordinated sleep scheduling algorithms for optical network units and wireless access points, data aggregation through network coding, proxying, and selective multipath routing. Toward the realization of a future green video-dominated Internet, we pay particular attention to exploiting the unique traffic characteristics of various types of video applications, e.g., video streaming, to improve the bandwidth-efficient video transport in FiWi access networks. While most of the previous work on "green" communications networks focued on the reduction of their energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, we will study the role of energy-efficient access networks in other highly relevant sectors, namely, electricity grids and transport. We explore the opportunities of enhancing FiWi broadband access networks with fiber optic sensors and wireless sensors and adopt them to convert traditional electric power grids, the largest man-created CO2 emission source, into future smart grids.