Hydrogen sulfide production in wet stormwater ponds: Study of hydraulics, water quality and microbial community structure

随着地球人口持续增加、世界各地城市人口继续超过农村人口以及世界城市继续经历气候变化，雨水管理做法在全球范围内变得越来越重要。雨水管理池(SWP)，特别是湿池塘，通常被用作减轻高度城市化景观径流影响的最佳管理实践。尽管这些池塘在加拿大各地普遍使用，但目前对湿排水池中硫化氢(H_2S)产生途径的了解还存在差距。众所周知，水源水利工程的水力特性直接影响到水源水利工程的水质和微生物群落。因此，这项研究将调查目前经历了硫化氢排放时期的污水处理厂的水力学、水质和微生物群落结构，以期对加拿大污水处理厂的硫化氢产生有一个基本的了解。特别是，这项研究将把SWP的水力学、微生物群落结构和水质与邻近的一个没有显示出硫化氢排放问题的参照池进行比较。这项研究将是第一个全面的现场研究，以调查水力，水质和生物过程有关的H_2S生产湿法水源热泵。拟议的研究超越了对水源热泵的硫化氢监测，并就水力、水质和微生物群落对加拿大雨水池塘缺氧条件的发展以及随后硫化氢的产生和排放的伴随影响提出了新的知识。最后，研究将修改和评估水质和水力模型，用这些修改后的模型作为工具来模拟管理策略，以最大限度地减少或消除加拿大池塘的硫化氢排放。

Stormwater management practices have become increasingly important at the global scale as the population of the Earth continues to increase, urban populations continue to surpass rural populations worldwide and the cities of the world continue to experience climate change. Stormwater management ponds (SWPs), and particularly wet ponds, are commonly used as a best management practice to mitigate the effects of runoff from highly urbanized landscapes. Although these ponds are commonly used throughout Canada, there is a current gap in knowledge with respect to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production pathways in wet SWPs. The hydraulics of SWPs is known to directly affect the water quality and microbial communities of SWPs. As such, this research will investigate the hydraulics, water quality and microbial community structure of a SWP that currently experiences periods of H2S emission in order to develop a fundamental understanding of H2S production in SWPs in Canada. In particular, the study will compare the hydraulics, microbial community structure and water quality of the SWP to an adjacent reference pond that has not displayed H2S emission problems. This research will be the first comprehensive field study to investigate hydraulics, water quality and biological processes relating to H2S production of wet SWPs. The proposed research moves beyond H2S monitoring of a SWP and presents new knowledge with respect to the concomitant effects of hydraulics, water quality and microbial communities on the development of anoxic conditions in Canadian stormwater ponds and the subsequent production and emission of H2S. Finally the research will modify and evaluate water quality and hydraulic models, with these modified models serving as tools to simulate management strategies to minimize or eliminate H2S emissions in Canadian ponds.