Optimization of BioCord technology as wastewater nitrification upgrade unit

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The first federal wastewater systems effluent regulations (WSER) require a minimum of secondary level wastewater treatment or equivalent and specifies an effluent concentration limit for unionized ammonia (NH3) (Canada Gazette, 2012). 800 treatment facilities across the country have been identified as potentially requiring upgrades to fully meet the new federal regulations. The Bishop Water Technologies BioCord looped polyvinyl chloride technology offers the potential of an effective, compact, and low-cost upgrade solution to various treatment facilities across the country. However, current literature demonstrates that attached growth technologies, such as the BioCord system, show a promise for efficient treatment processes and the removal of ammonia but currently lack publicized information and have not been adequately explored in the field to enable their entrance into the market (Verma et al., 2006).