Molecular insights into the targeting of proteins to the inner nuclear membrane

我们的细胞由几种成分组成，包括蛋白质，这些蛋白质是我们在称为细胞质的隔间内由单个氨基酸组装而成的。从那里，组装的蛋白质被定位到不同的位置，以执行各种任务。其中一个隔间是细胞核，它包含我们的遗传信息，并由双层信封分隔。对于到达核内部的蛋白质，已经确定了各种信号，这是已知的由核膜内的小孔和复杂的机制介导的，其中涉及称为重要蛋白的蛋白质。相比之下，蛋白质插入最内层核膜的分子细节是模糊的，只有一个松散定义的靶向信号。因此，关于这个话题还有很多有待发现的地方。

Our cells are made up of several constituents including proteins, which we assemble from individual amino acids inside a compartment called cytoplasm. From there, the assembled proteins are targeted to a variety of locations to perform various tasks. One of those compartments is the nucleus, which contain our genetic information and is delimited by a double layered envelope. For proteins reaching the nuclear interior, a variety of signals have been identified and this is known to be mediated by small pores within the nuclear envelopes and a complex machinery involving, among others, proteins called importins. In contrast, the molecular details by which proteins are inserted within the innermost nuclear envelope are nebulous with only one loosely defined targeting signal. Much thus remains to be discovered on this topic.