Strength and Long-term Behaviour of Masonry Structures

砌体由于其美观性和耐久性而广泛用于结构中。加拿大的许多遗产建筑是用砖石建造的，有必要保护这些建筑。《国家建筑法》要求对这些结构进行评估并使其达到现代标准，但评估和修复这些结构并不容易。因此，建议的第一部分有两个主题。第一个目的是了解结构的当前状态，通常是在蠕变（在负载下变形随时间缓慢增加）和风化退化的长期影响之后：这些因素的综合影响可能会导致内部开裂，从而导致结构的损坏。如果了解了原因，就可以设计适当的补救措施。第二个主题涉及使用跨墙锚来加固墙，目的是开发一种预测这种锚的最佳方向的方法，以抵抗地震中预期的载荷，从而帮助结构在地震中幸存下来。

Masonry is widely used in structures because of its aesthetic appeal and durability. Many of Canada's heritage structures are constructed of masonry and there is a need to conserve these. The National Building Code requires that these structures be assessed and brought up to modern standards, but assessment and rehabilitaton of these structures is not easy. The first part of the proposal therefore has two themes. The first is aimed at understanding the current state of a structure, typically after the long-term effects of creep (the slow increase in deformation with time under load) and degradation due to weathering: the combined effects of these factors can cause internal cracking, which in turn leads to distress of the structure. If the causes are understood, suitable remedies can be designed. The second theme deals with the use of cross-wall anchors to strengthen a wall, with the aim being to develop a way of predicting the best orientation of such an anchor to resist the loads expected in an earthquake, and thereby help the structure survive that event.