Laser spectroscopy on exotic nuclei

快束共线激光光谱一直被认为是探测基态和长寿命同分异构体核结构的一种高灵敏度方法。当与能够产生许多化学元素的长链同位素的放射性束流设施相结合时，这些技术可以提供关于核结构从稳定到滴漏的演变的宝贵信息。原子电子的高分辨率激光光谱学的使用，反过来直接探测原子核，导致了一种非破坏性的，高灵敏度的探针，可以以一种很大程度上独立于模型的方式提取微妙的核效应。一般来说，这些方法可以明确地确定核自旋、磁偶极子和电四极矩以及沿核链的均方根电荷半径的变化。在某些情况下，也可以提取高阶影响，如核磁化分布、磁八极矩和绝对均方根电荷半径。因此，这项工作的结果对核物理学的许多领域产生了深远的影响，从核结构到弱核子-核子相互作用，再到标准模型的基本对称性测试。

Fast beam, collinear laser spectroscopy has long been seen as a highly sensitive method with which to probe nuclear structure of ground and long lived isomeric states. When coupled to radioactive beam facilities that are capable of producing long chains of isotopes of many chemical elements these techniques can provide invaluable information on the evolution of nuclear structure from stability out to the drip lines. The use of high resolution laser spectroscopy of the atomic electrons, which in turn directly probe the nucleus, leads to a non-destructive, highly sensitive probe that can extract subtle nuclear effects in a largely model independent way. In general these methods allow for the unambiguous determination of the nuclear spin, magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments along with the changes in the RMS charge radii along a nuclear chain. In certain cases it is also possible to extract higher order affects such as the nuclear magnetisation distribution, magnetic octupole moments and the absolute RMS charge radii. As such the results from this work has far reaching impact across many areas of nuclear physics ranging from nuclear structure through weak nucleon-nucleon interactions to fundamental symmetry tests of the standard model.