Distillation and desulfurization of tire pyrolysis oil

废旧轮胎的处理是一个严重的问题，因为它需要大量的空间，而倾倒的轮胎是一种环境危害和疾病的家园。随着全球增长的不断加快，每年有近10亿个轮胎被丢弃。利用这些废物的主要领域之一是将废旧轮胎转化为能源。将废轮胎转化为液体燃料的过程之一是热解。然而，热解燃料含有1.0-1.4wt.%的硫，需要降低硫含量才能用作燃料。根据美国环保局的规定，柴油运输燃料中允许含有15ppm的硫。炼油厂采用的主要脱硫工艺是加氢脱硫(HDS)工艺。这是一个在高温(350-400℃)和压力(7-10兆帕)下氢气存在的催化过程。然而，HDS的昂贵基础设施和轮胎热解地点的氢气可用性是一个主要问题。因此，本工作提出了一种用化学溶剂和吸附剂代替氢气的氧化脱硫工艺。轮胎裂解油将使用旋转带蒸馏技术进行分馏，得到汽油、柴油、石脑油和汽油。柴油和石脑油馏分将在有或没有催化剂和吸附剂的情况下使用消耗臭氧层物质工艺进行处理。经过处理的油将在处理后测试硫磺、石蜡、烯烃和芳烃含量的变化。结果表明，该工艺可脱除轮胎裂解油柴油馏分中99%以上的硫，生产出适合于交通运输行业使用的燃料。

The disposal for waste/used tires is a serious concern because it requires a lot of space, and dumped tires are an environmental hazard and a home for diseases. With increasing growth worldwide, almost 1 billion tires are discarded each year. One of the major areas to capitalize on this waste is conversion of waste tires to energy. One of the processes to convert waste tire to liquid fuel is pyrolysis. However, the pyrolysis fuel contains 1.0-1.4 wt.% sulfur, which needs to be lowered before it can be used as fuel. As per US Environmental Protection Agency, 15ppm sulfur is permitted in diesel transportation fuel. The major desulfurization process adopted by refineries is the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process. It is a catalytic process at high temperatures (350-400 °C) and pressure (7-10 MPa) in the presence of hydrogen. However, the expensive infrastructure for HDS and availability of hydrogen at the tire pyrolysis sites is a major concern. Therefore, this work proposes an oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process, which uses chemical solvents and adsorbents instead of hydrogen. The tire pyrolysis oil will be fractionated using spinning band distillation into gasoline, diesel, naphtha and bottoms. The diesel and naphtha fractions will be treated using an ODS process with or without catalyst and adsorbents. The treated oil will be tested for change in sulfur, paraffins, olefins and aromatics content post treatment. It is proposed that the designed ODS process will be able to remove more that 99% sulfur from diesel fraction of tire pyrolysis oil and will produce fuel suitable for use in the transportation industry.