Gene expression in programmed cell death

我们的研究计划题为“程序性细胞死亡中的基因表达”，研究了动物细胞经历细胞自杀的基本过程的分子机制。在多细胞生物体中，程序性细胞死亡(或称为细胞凋亡)对于正常发育和消除多余或受损的细胞是必不可少的。细胞凋亡的关键性质的经典例子包括在发育过程中消除手指和脚趾之间的细胞，晒伤后受损皮肤细胞的死亡，以及消除本来会攻击我们自己身体的白细胞。我们的团队已经发现了一种新的细胞途径，称为TAF6Delta途径，它可以决定动物细胞的生死决定。与之前描述的所有凋亡途径不同，TAF6Delta途径对正常细胞生长也是必不可少的。我们提出了一系列实验，旨在进一步阐明这一迷人的新的TAF6Delta细胞死亡途径。我们已经证明，TAF6Delta蛋白驱动迫使细胞自杀的基因表达的变化。现在，我们将通过一种称为选择性剪接的过程来了解是什么触发了TAF6Delta的表达。我们进一步建议在分子细节上定义哪些基因直接由TAF6Delta控制，以及由什么机制控制。最后，我们将通过诱导最近发现的细胞死亡基因的选择性剪接的变化来调查TAF6Delta在细胞死亡中先前未知的角色。我们的研究计划将为未来一代加拿大年轻研究人员在多学科环境中提供培训机会。此外，我们的结果将对理解动物细胞如何通过生长和细胞死亡的截然不同的结果来响应环境产生深远的影响。除了促进我们对动物细胞解释生死信号的机制的理解外，长期结果或我们的研究还有可能影响与缺陷细胞死亡相关的疾病，包括衰老疾病(例如神经退行性疾病)以及心血管疾病、癌症和病毒感染。通过建立我们对细胞死亡中基因表达的基本理解的知识，我们相信我们的工作将为充满活力的加拿大知识型经济做出贡献。

Our research proposal entitled “Gene expression in programmed cell death” investigates the molecular mechanisms by which animal cells undergo an essential process of cellular suicide. In multicellular organisms, programmed cell death (otherwise known as apoptosis) is essential for normal development and the elimination of excessive or damaged cells. Classical examples of the crucial nature of apoptosis include the elimination of cells in between fingers and toes during development, death of damaged skin cells after sunburn, and the elimination of white blood cells that would otherwise attack our own bodies. Our team has discovered a new cellular pathway termed the TAF6delta pathway that can dictate life versus death decisions in animal cells. The TAF6delta pathway, unlike all previously described pathways of apoptosis, is also essential for normal cell growth. We propose a series of experiments designed to shed further light on this fascinating new TAF6delta cell death pathway. We have shown that the TAF6delta protein drives changes in the expression of genes that force cells to commit cellular suicide. We will now seek to understand what triggers TAF6delta expression by a process known as alternative splicing. We further propose to define in molecular detail which genes are controlled directly by TAF6delta and by what mechanisms. Finally we will investigate a previous unknown role for TAF6delta in the cellular death by inducing changes in the alternative splicing of recently identified cell death genes.Our research program will provide training opportunities for the future generation of young Canadian researchers in a multidisciplinary environment. Furthermore, our results will have far-reaching impacts in understanding how animal cells respond to their environment by the extremely different outcomes of growth versus cell death. In addition to advancing our understanding of the mechanism by which animal cells interpret life versus death signals, the long-term outcomes or our research have the potential to impact diseases that are linked to defective cell death, including diseases of aging (for example neurodegenerative disorders) as well as cardiovascular disease, cancer and viral infections. By building knowledge in our fundamental understanding of gene expression in cell death, we are convinced that our work will contribute to a dynamic Canadian knowledge-based economy.