Shoot apical meristem ontogenesis in vivo and in vitro

正如已故的伊恩·苏塞克斯教授在他的评论(Cell 56：225,1989)中所说的那样，“分生组织造就了植物”。顶端分生组织是植物所有细胞的母体。它们负责初级植物体内组织和器官的形成。没有正常运作的AM，陆地植物就不会存在。虽然最近在理解AM在植物正常发育过程中的形成、维持和功能方面取得了进展，但我们仍然不完全了解AM是如何在胚胎发生期间启动的。植物组织培养和微繁殖是植物商品化生产的重要途径。为了获得成功，AM在新再生植株中的形成是必须的。此外，我们对AM启蒙的理解来自

As the Late Professor Ian Sussex stated in his review (Cell 56: 225, 1989), “The meristems make the plant”. Apical meristems (AMs) are the mother of all cells in plants. They are responsible for the formation of tissues and organs of the primary plant body. Without properly functioning AMs, land plants will not exist. Although recent advances have been made in our understanding of the formation, maintenance, and function of AMs during normal plant development, we still do not fully understand how they are initiated during embryogenesis. Tissue culture and micropropagation of plants are important approaches in commercial plant production. To be successful, AM formation is a must in the newly regenerated plants. Moreover, our understanding of AM initiation from