Biology of Arthropods at low temperatures

节肢动物是最成功的陆生动物，尽管它们无法保持稳定的体温。尽管如此，它们还是主宰着温带和极地生态系统，忍受着有可能结冰的温度。耐寒节肢动物的策略通常分为耐冻（抵御内部结冰）和避冻（在低温下生存，但被内部结冰杀死）。我的长期目标是了解一些节肢动物在寒冷环境中生存和繁荣的机制。我建议解决低温生理学中的三个主要未知数：1）一些昆虫如何在冷冻固体中生存，2）昆虫如何保护它们的细胞免受非冰冻的寒冷，以及3）尽管冬季充满挑战，但蛛形纲动物如何在北极茁壮成长。

Arthropods are the most successful terrestrial animals, despite their inability to maintain a stable body temperature. Nevertheless, they dominate temperate and polar ecosystems, tolerating temperatures where they risk freezing. Strategies used by cold-tolerant arthropods are generally divided into freeze tolerance (withstand internal ice formation) and freeze avoidance (survive low temperatures, but killed by internal ice formation). My long term objective is to understand the mechanisms that allow some arthropods to survive and thrive in cold environments. I propose to address three major unknowns in low temperature physiology: 1) how some insects survive being frozen solid, 2) how insects protect their cells from non-freezing cold, and 3) how arachnids thrive in the Arctic in spite of challenging winters.