Post-spawning sexual selection and reproductive fitness in fishes

直到最近，性选择理论还假设大多数分类群是一夫一妻制的，选择被认为主要通过交配前的过程(即交配前选择)进行，即配偶选择(通常是雌性在雄性中选择)和对配偶的竞争(通常是雄性对雄性以获得雌性)。然而，遗传和行为研究最近表明，性乱行为在大多数类群中很常见。雌性的多次交配创造了交配后继续进行性选择的可能性，通过(I)不同雄性的精子之间竞争一套卵子的受精(精子竞争)和(Ii)不同雄性的精子对另一种雄性的不同使用，推定对后代健康有遗传上的好处(隐蔽的雌性选择)。因此，生殖适合性现在被认为是由在交配前后的选择过程中雄性和雌性所选择的性状(在表型和基因水平上)的复杂相互作用决定的。因此，性选择理论中出现的一个中心问题是，在交配后的选择领域中，男性和女性如何在性别冲突(即由于不同的生殖兴趣)方面进行互动。我的长期目标是量化交配后选择对生殖健康的相对重要性(从男性和女性的角度)，以便通过在我以前工作的基础上更好地理解性选择的进化后果，并进入创新的新研究领域，重点是Chinook鲑鱼(

Until recently, sexual selection theory assumed most taxa were monogamous and selection was thought to operate mainly via processes prior to copulation (i.e. pre-copulatory selection), namely mate choice (typically females choosing amongst males) and competition for mates (typically males vs. males for access to females). However, genetic and behavioural studies have recently shown that sexual promiscuity is common among most taxa. Multiple mating by females creates the potential for sexual selection to continue after copulation through (i) the competition between sperm of different males for the fertilization of a set of ova (sperm competition) and (ii) the differential use of sperm from one male over another, with a presumed genetic benefit to offspring fitness (cryptic female choice). As a result, reproductive fitness is now understood to be determined by the complex interactions of traits (at both the phenotypic and genotypic level) selected in males and females during episodes of selection before and after copulation. Thus, a central question emerging in sexual selection theory is how do males and females interact in terms of sexual conflict (i.e. due to different reproductive interests) in this post-copulatory selection arena. My long-term objective is to quantify the relative importance of post-copulatory selection on reproductive fitness (from a male and female perspective) in order to gain a better understanding of the evolutionary consequences of sexual selection by building on my previous work and move into innovative new areas of research focusing on Chinook salmon (