Truck Wheel Fastener Alarm Systems for the Prevention of Runaway Wheels

运输卡车上的车轮脱轨是一种非常危险的事件，通常是致命的。车轮脱轨可归因于两个问题：1.车轮螺柱的故障；2.轴承故障/过热。高速公路上大量的卡车和拖车使问题变得更加严重。根据省级记录，70%的故障是由于螺柱失去扭矩所致。我们建议开发两种不同的解决方案，通过消除道路危险，即经常是致命的，来防止卡车车轮在运行过程中逃逸。第一种解决方案使用预校准的车轮螺柱，这种螺柱具有内置的开关，以预定的螺柱伸长率激活，并向车辆操作员发送信号，表明特定的凸耳螺柱要么扭矩不足，要么过度扭矩，要么剪切。第二种解决方案是压环，它使用凸耳螺母下方的低杨氏模数材料，在预定的预载荷下压缩和闭合开关，并在出现不需要的扭矩水平时发出信号。这两个系统都可以通过GPS从远程位置进行监控。这两个解决方案是渗透完整市场和解决车轮问题所必需的。第一个解决方案涉及大量的卡车和拖车，这些卡车和拖车现在已经存在并目前在道路上行驶。需要一种廉价且易于安装的解决方案来快速将这些车辆转换为安全的出行单元。第二种解决方案是用于新设备，其中该系统可以在原始组装期间方便地安装。

Escaped wheels from Transport Trucks is a highly dangerous, often fatal occurrence. Wheel escapes are attributed to two issues:1. The failure of wheel studs and 2. Bearing failure/over heat. The problem is exacerbated by the large number of trucks andtrailers on the highways. According to provincial records, 70% of failures are due to studs losing torque.We propose the development of two separate solutions that prevent truck wheels from escaping during operation therebyeliminating a road hazard, i.e., oftentimes fatal. The first solution uses pre-calibrated wheel studs which are studs that have built in switches that activate at a predetermined stud elongation and cause a signal to be sent to the vehicle operator that a specific Lug Stud is either under torqued, over-torqued or sheared. The second solution is a compression ring that uses low Young's modulus material below the lug nut to compress and close a switch at a predetermined pre-load and cause a signal to be sent when an undesirable torque level is present. Both systems can be monitored by GPS from remote locations.The two solutions are required to penetrate the complete market and resolve the wheels issue. The first solution deals with thelarge number of trucks and trailers that already exist and are presently on the roads today. An inexpensive and easy to installsolution is required to quickly convert these vehicles into safe travelling units. The second solution is for new equipment wherein the system may be facilely installed during original assembly.