Fatty Acids and Amino Acids in the Regulation of Food Intake in Rats

显然，迫切需要了解食物和食物成分在调节食物摄入量方面的作用。我的长期兴趣一直是阐明食物蛋白质和必需氨基酸抑制饥饿和提供饱腹感的机制。*我们以前已经建立了消化过程中释放的食物蛋白质和必需氨基酸将饱腹感信号从胃肠道提供给大脑的机制，现在我们想转向研究非必需氨基酸在肠道和大脑调节食物摄入量的机制中的作用，首先是谷氨酸，一种常用的食品添加剂。此外，我们最近在动物模型上证明，不仅蛋白质的类型，而且饮食脂肪和脂肪酸组成的来源，对食物摄入量和体重有不同的影响。因此，这项研究的目的是研究从饮食脂肪来源释放的脂肪酸的机制和作用，特别是中链脂肪酸，在肠道-脑轴。*本文建议的工作对于阐明食物摄入量调节的基本机制至关重要，并且需要使用动物模型，在动物模型中可以使用侵入性程序。阐明膳食中非必需氨基酸和脂肪酸对食物摄入量和代谢动态平衡的作用机制，有助于加深对肠道-大脑营养感知系统机制的理解，促进功能食品和药物的创新。

Clearly there is an urgency to understand the role of food and food components in the regulation of food intake. My long-term interest has been in the elucidation of the mechanisms by which food proteins and essential amino acids suppress hunger and provide feelings of satiety. ******We have previously established the mechanisms by which food proteins and essential amino acids released during digestion provide satiety signals from the gastrointestinal tract to the brain and now want to turn to an examination of the role of non-essential amino acids, starting with glutamate, a commonly used food additive, in gut and brain mechanisms regulating food intake. Furthermore, we have recently demonstrated on animal model that not only type of protein, but also the source of dietary fat and fatty acid composition, differentially affects food intake and body weight. Therefore, this research is aimed at examining the mechanisms and the role of fatty acids released from dietary fat sources, with particular interest on medium-chain fatty acids, in the gut-brain axis. ******The work proposed herein is essential for elucidation of basic mechanisms of food intake regulation and requires the use of an animal model where invasive procedures can be used. The elucidation of the mechanisms of action of dietary nonessential amino acids and fatty acids on food intake and metabolic homeostasis has potential to advance the understanding of the mechanisms of gut-brain nutrient-sensing systems and lead to innovation in functional foods and drugs.