Understanding water accessibility for more effective water supply design and planning****

尽管获得饮用水被承认是一项人权，但它仍然是最重要的全球问题之一。2015年，据估计，42.5%的世界人口无法在其房舍内获得改进后的水源，因此需要取水。得不到优质和充足的水对健康和福祉有重大影响，特别是对通常负责取水的妇女。目前，在如何最好地衡量水的可获得性及其对供水项目设计和监测的潜在影响方面，在实践(如工业合作者所确定的)和学术知识(如文献所确定的)方面存在差距。本研究旨在为评估供水可获得性对中低收入农村地区水量和水质的影响提供循证知识。预计结果将优化供水相关干预措施的设计和评估。了解水的可获得性的影响将有助于确保适当的干预措施和对需求的适当反应。这对于确定和加强水安全和公平、减轻取水负担和预防与水有关的传染病的努力将是有价值的。这是一次及时的行动，以期在2030年实现可持续发展目标(SDG)中规定的所有人都能普遍和公平地获得安全和负担得起的饮用水。

Although recognized as a human right, access to drinking water remains one of the most important global issues. In 2015, it was estimated that 42.5% of the world's population did not have access to an improved water source on their premises and thus needed to fetch water. Lack of access to water of good quality and of sufficient quantity have significant impacts on health and well-being, particularly for women typically responsible for water fetching. Currently, there is a gap in practice (as identified by industrial collaborator) and academic knowledge (as identified by literature) with regard to how best measure water accessibility and its potential impacts for the design and monitoring of water supply projects. This research aims to provided evidence based knowledge to assess the impacts of water supply accessibility on water quantity and quality in low-and middle-income rural settings. Results are expected to optimize design and evaluation of water supply related interventions. Understanding the impact of water accessibility will help to ensure suitable interventions and appropriate responses to needs. This will be valuable in efforts to characterize and increase water security and equity, reduce the burden of fetching water and prevent water-related infectious diseases. This is a timely exercise to reach universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all by 2030 as set in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).****