Distributed and lumped parameter chemical process systems energy based control

基于能量（热力学）的分布和集总参数化学过程系统控制代表了将基于物理和基本能量（热力学）的概念与动态系统的控制和/或调节合并的最终尝试的基石。一般来说，化学过程工业中的基本化学概念被很好地理解和探索，而另一方面，化学过程系统控制实现独立地解决化学过程系统的调节问题，而不考虑基本热力学定律。控制器设计考虑信号处理的观点（对象是具有信号的动态系统，控制器是另一个信号处理实体）。这激发了控制设计中一种新的概念范式转变，它从能量处理的角度考虑工厂，将工厂视为具有多个互连（端口）的能量转换系统，而不是信号转换系统。这个框架自然适合化学和材料加工厂，因为这些系统具有通常由一些控制量给出的自然广义能量守恒系统表示，而通过系统边界的能量交换是明确定义的。换句话说，存储的能量=供给的能量+期望的耗散，使得控制目标变成以期望的能量和耗散函数保持能量守恒性质的问题。换句话说，设计集中在能量整形和阻尼分配上。这种设置适用于集中和分布参数化学和材料过程系统，设计和主动控制实现是通过系统边界与环境的相互作用。有各种各样的端口-哈密尔顿（"能量“）系统的表示，它们可以直接与其他形式的能量（内部的，热的，动力学的，化学的，如果没有内在的效率损失，就不能相互转换）联系起来。这样一个丰富的和自然识别的物理系统表示需要解决的最佳/约束/鲁棒控制的领域内的控制和调节器的实现，并通过跨越从微分子（芯片上的实验室）化学工厂设置的大型化学，材料，石化工厂。 * 拟议计划产生的预期贡献有可能大大推进复杂系统过程系统工程技术的发展，适用于各种应用领域，包括钢铁加工，食品和材料制造，生物燃料和/或废水处理中的藻类利用，化学反应器（石油工业），热交换器网络，零能源地热/太阳能可再生住宅。**

Distributed and lumped parameter chemical process systems energy (thermodynamics) based control represents the cornerstone of the final attempt to merge the physical and fundamental energy (thermodynamics) based concepts with control and/or regulation of dynamical systems. In general, the fundamental thermodynamical concepts in chemical process industry are well understood and explored, while on the other hand chemical process systems control realizations independently address the issue of regulation of chemical process systems without taking into account fundamental thermodynamics laws. Controller design considers signal processing point of view ( a plant is dynamical system with signals and a controller is another signal processing entity).***This motivates a novel conceptual paradigm shift in control design which considers a plant from the energy-processing viewpoint, where one views a plant as an energy-transformation system with multi interconnections (ports), as opposed to a signal-transformation system. This framework naturally fits chemical and materials processing plants since these systems have a natural generalized energy-conservation systems representation usually given by some control volume whereas the energy exchange through the system's boundary is well defined. In other words, the stored energy=supplied energy + desired dissipation, so that the control objective becomes an issue of preserving the energy-conservation property with desired energy and dissipation function. In other words, the design is centered on energy shaping and damping assignments. This setting is applicable to lumped and distributed parameter chemical and materials process systems, and design and active control realizations is given as interaction with the environment through the boundary of system. There are various representations of port-Hamiltonian (``energy'') systems which can be directly linked to other forms of energy (internal, thermal, kinetic, chemical that cannot be converted into each other without an intrinsic efficiency loss). Such a rich and naturally recognized physical system representations need to be addressed by linking the control and regulator realizations within the realm of optimal/constrained/robust control, and by spanning from micro-molecular (lab-on-the chip) chemical plant settings to the large chemical, materials, petrochemical plants. ***The expected contributions arising from the proposed program have potential to significantly advance the state of the art in development of process systems engineering techniques for complex systems, with applicability to a wide variety of application areas including steel processing, food and material manufacturing, algal utilization in biofuels and/or waste water treatments, chemical reactors (in petroleum industry), heat exchanger networks, zero-energy geothermal/solar renewable homes. **