Compressed Air Energy Storage in Salt Caverns

随着风能和太阳能等可再生资源越来越多地融入电网，这些资源的间歇性**和分散性对电网系统的可靠性和弹性**产生了重大影响。存储介质不仅可以促进可再生能源的整合，还可以帮助解决**本地和区域发电来源的平衡问题，并可以降低基本负荷需求的水平。经济高效的**大规模储能对于提高电网的整体性能和可靠性是必要的。**我们建议在加拿大盐岩洞穴使用压缩空气储能(CAES)作为一种有前景的选择，以**使可再生能源发电的很大一部分进入电网。**通过加拿大国家研究委员会，加拿大政府为电网安全和现代化倡议建立了储能**。安大略省政府在其长期能源计划中也致力于解决限制储能技术在**安大略省电力市场竞争能力的监管障碍。到2014年底，政府将把存储技术纳入其**采购过程中，从50兆瓦开始，并持续评估额外的参与。**为了在加拿大电网范围内成功实现CAES的商业化，我们建议将盐穴作为**最合适的地质介质，它以层状形式出现在安大略省西南部和艾伯塔省中东部**。新斯科舍省、新不伦瑞克省和萨斯喀彻温省也存在适合CAES的盐层。该研究项目的**领域包括：洞穴设计的地学和岩土分析，包括**盐溶长廊道的新概念，涡轮机运行、设计**和循环的热力学评估，包括热清除，以及评估存储设施**和位置对变量发电(时间和大小的间歇输入)和能力的规模效应的网格集成建模

As renewable resources such wind and solar are increasingly integrated into the power grid, the intermittent**and dispersed nature of these resources is having a significant impact on the reliability and resilience of the grid**system. A storage medium not only can facilitate renewables integration, but can also help address the**balancing of local and regional generation sources, and can reduce the level of base load need. Cost-effective**energy storage on a large scale is necessary to improve overall performance and enhance reliability of the grid.**We propose Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) in Salt Caverns in Canada as a promising option to**enable a large share of renewable energy generation into the power grid.**Through the National Research Council Canada, the Canadian government has established the Energy Storage**for Grid Security and Modernization Initiative. The Ontario government, in its Long-Term Energy Plan, is also**committed to address regulatory barriers that limit the ability of energy storage technologies to compete in**Ontario's electricity market. By the end of 2014, the government will include storage technologies in its**procurement process, starting with 50MW and assessing additional engagement on an ongoing basis.**For successful commercialization of CAES in Canada on a grid-wide basis, we propose salt caverns as the**most suitable geological medium and it is present in bedded form in southwest Ontario and east-central**Alberta. Suitable salt strata for CAES are also present in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Saskatchewan. The**domains of this research project include: geoscience and geotechnical analysis of cavern design including the**novel concept of long galleries dissolved in salt, thermo-mechanical assessment of turbine operation, design**and cycling, including heat scavenging, and grid integration modeling to assess scale effects of storage facilities**and locations on variable generation (intermittent input in terms of time and magnitude) and capability for