Risk-based Safety and Integrity Management of Oil and Gas Production and Processing in Harsh Environment

不断减少的石油和天然气储量正在推动石油和天然气的勘探和开发进一步近海，进入更深的水域，并进入北极和亚北极地区。然而，与这一发展相关的风险是巨大的，不能被忽视。最近在墨西哥湾油气勘探过程中发生的事故进一步突出了这一点。涉及释放、火灾和爆炸的事故会对设备、环境造成破坏，并造成经济损失和人员伤亡。这些事故是油气勘探生产的重大隐患。根据具体位置和条件评估这些潜在危险有助于制定降低事故风险的方法。*与温带气候地区相比，在严酷气候(寒冷气候)下，释放、扩散、起火和爆炸的行为和现象非常不同。这些现象在温带气候中是很好理解的，并且有用于设计安全措施和评估系统完整性的模型。这种水平的理解和建模不适用于恶劣的环境，在那里它会产生更大的影响。对北极和亚北极环境中事故发生机制、资产失效机制、释放、扩散、火灾和爆炸行为的研究将有助于弥合目前的知识鸿沟。*本研究计划旨在开发一个集成的安全和完整性风险管理框架，该框架包含(1)设计和运行过程中的工程故障分析，(2)运行过程中基于风险的关键决策，以及(3)与恶劣气候条件下的行为和性能相关的人为因素。这项提议的结果有助于制定更安全的设计，促进更安全的运营战略，以及更安全的工作环境，以降低北极地区石油和天然气作业的风险。本研究的重点是边境地区，如波弗特海、巴芬湾和楚科奇海。

Dwindling reserves of oil and gas are driving oil and gas exploration and development further offshore, into deeper waters and into arctic and subarctic regions. However, the risks associated with this development are significant and cannot be neglected. The recent accident in the Gulf of Mexico during hydrocarbon exploration has further highlighted this point. Accidents involving release, fires and explosions cause damage to equipment, environment, and result in financial losses, injuries and fatalities. These accidents are major potential hazards of hydrocarbon exploration and production. Assessing these potential hazards based on the specific location and conditions helps to develop methods to reduce risk of accidents.****In comparison with a temperate climate region, in harsh climate (cold climate) the behaviour and phenomena of release, dispersion, fire and explosion are very different. These phenomena are well understood in temperate climates and there are models for design of safety measures and assess the integrity of the system. This level of understanding and modelling is not in place for harsh environments, where it has a much larger impact. Research into the mechanism of accident occurrence, asset failure mechanism, behaviour of release, dispersion, fire, and explosion in arctic and subarctic environment would help bridge the current knowledge gap. ****This research program aims to develop an integrated safety and integrity risk management framework that incorporates (1) engineering failure analysis during design and operation, (2) risk-based critical decision-making during operation, and (3) human factors with respect to behaviour and performance in harsh climatic conditions. The outcomes of this proposal help to develop safer design, promote safer operational strategies, and safer working environment that reduce risk to the oil and gas operation in the arctic regions. The focus of the present study is the frontier region, such as the Beaufort Sea, Baffin Bay, and the Chukchi Sea.******