Ecological Engineering Systems for Nutrient Reduction and Recovery from Agricultural Wastewater Sources

营养物质从农业集水区向地表水体和地下水含水层的迁移对公众健康和环境构成了重大威胁，并在饮用水处理和丧失娱乐潜力方面造成了高昂的经济代价。国际联合委员会（IJC, 2014）发表的一份报告指出，农业径流可以为水道提供重要的营养负荷，并规定农业经营是造成伊利湖最近严重藻华的磷负荷的主要贡献者之一。该报告描述了农业系统已经从磷的净汇发展到现在大多数农场都有磷的净出口。据记录，加拿大各地的湖泊和河流中磷含量升高，导致蓝藻大量繁殖，导致毒素被释放到地表水体中。本研究项目涉及农业废水中氮磷的减少和回收，包括四个相互关联的目标。第一个目标是开发一种捕获和恢复溶解磷的技术，作为人工湿地技术的一个组成部分。假设是使用缓释阳离子（即Ca2+， Mg2+, Fe2+/3+, Al3+）的来源，再加上沉淀池或过滤介质，定期除泥/去除，然后土地施用，可以关闭农业流域P的循环。技术发展将从实验室发展到试点，再发展到现场规模。第二个目标是在安大略省东部的合作场所，利用全仪器化的人工湿地系统表征典型的农业废水：种植系统排水、牛肉生产径流和乳制品生产冲洗水，来表征氮和磷的负荷和分异（总氮、颗粒氮、溶解氮、氮循环）。第三个目标是研究人工湿地系统处理农业废水的N/P衰减机制和模型去除率。最终目标是在现有的合作站点应用、验证和调整P捕获技术。三个现场都配备了流量仪器（v形槽堰配有深度记录仪、泵运行记录仪）和水质采样仪器（太阳能复合采样器、地下水压力计、零张力渗滤仪）。所有水质分析工作将在渥太华大学环境工程实验室按照标准方法进行。HQP培训是研究项目的核心，有2名博士，6名硕士。，以及几名参与p恢复技术开发、湿地表征和建模活动的硕士和本科生。与政府和行业的紧密合作为技术转让提供了一个强大的平台。

Nutrient migration from agricultural catchments to surface water bodies and to groundwater aquifers present a significant threat to public health and to the environment as well as representing high economic costs in terms of drinking water treatment and loss of recreational potential. A report published by the International Joint Commission (IJC, 2014) states that agricultural runoff can contribute significant nutrient loads to watercourses and stipulates that agricultural operations are one of the major contributors of phosphorus loads responsible for the recent severity of algal blooms in Lake Erie. The report describes agricultural systems having evolved from being net phosphorus sinks to where there is now net phosphorus being exported from most farms. Heightened levels of phosphorus have been recorded in lakes and rivers across Canada and have resulted in the development of cyanobacterial blooms, which result in toxins being released into surface water bodies. This research program addresses N and P reduction and recovery from agricultural wastewaters and consists of four inter-related objectives. The first objective is to develop a technology to capture and recover dissolved P as a component to constructed wetland technology. The hypothesis is that the use of a source of slow-release cations (i.e. Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+/3+, Al3+) coupled with either a sedimentation pond or filtration media and periodic desludging/removal followed by land application can close the loop on P in agricultural drainage basins. Technology development will evolve from lab to pilot to field scale. The second objective is to characterize N and P loading and fractioning (total, particulate, dissolved, N cycling) at cooperator sites in Eastern Ontario with fully instrumented constructed wetland systems representing typical agricultural wastewaters: cropping system drainage, beef production runoff and dairy production washwaters. The third objective is to study N/P attenuation mechanisms and model removal rates in the constructed wetland systems treating agricultural wastewaters. The final objective is to apply, validate and adapt the P capture technology at the existing cooperator sites. The three field sites are fully instrumented for flow (v-notch weirs with depth loggers, pump runtime loggers) and water quality sampling (solar powered composite samplers, groundwater piezometers, zero-tension lysimeters). All water quality analytical work will be conducted at the University of Ottawa's environmental engineering laboratories following Standard Methods. HQP training is central to the research program, with 2 Ph.D, 6 M.A.Sc., and several M.Eng and Undergraduate students implicated in the development of the P-recovery technology, wetland characterization and modelling activities. Strong collaboration with government and industry provides a strong platform for technology transfer.