Development and Application of Novel X-Ray Diffraction and Scattering Methods for the study of Crystalline, Amorphous, and Nanoscale Materials

这笔资金将使同步加速器和内部X射线衍射仪以及研究纳米结构、多晶材料和非晶态材料等新材料的方法的开发和应用成为可能。*这种新材料的开发与分析工具和计算方法的进步是齐头并进的。特别是，纳米材料需要对现有工具进行彻底的重新思考，并开发新的仪器和方法。X射线衍射是我们今天所拥有的大部分晶体结构信息的来源，它在确定从小分子到蛋白质晶体的结构方面取得了巨大的成功，也有可能理解新材料的合成和表征。*我是布罗克豪斯X射线衍射和散射部门项目的PI，该项目是由加拿大创新基金会资助的加拿大光源(CLS)的重大扩展。Brockhouse扇区光束线计划于2017年年中开始试运行。*领导布罗克豪斯部门的设计和施工(B.Diaz等人，科学仪器评论85,085104,2014年)，我期待着领导这个大型项目的试运行阶段。我的团队将发展该部门在高分辨率对分布函数测量(HR-PDF)、共振X射线衍射、原位衍射研究、高温衍射、掠入射互易空间测绘方法和三维X射线衍射(3D-X射线)显微镜方面的能力。拟议的资金将使我的研究生能够委托使用衍射终端站，并利用这一最先进的加拿大基础设施的第一道光。*我的团队将开发新的X射线衍射和散射技术，以实现对新材料的定量结构研究。在过去的十年里，许多有用的工具得到了发展和改进，如扫描探针和高分辨率电子显微镜。同样，X射线方法也得到了发展，并提供了令人惊讶的结果和新的能力。这要归功于高亮度的同步加速器、新的X射线光学、大面积探测器和速度快的计算机。此外，由于x射线发生器技术、x射线光学技术的进步以及同步加速器设施技术带来的复杂仪器的发展，传统的内部x射线衍射设施已经变得更加高效。

The funding will enable the development and application of synchrotron and in-house x-ray diffraction instrumentation and methods to study new materials such as nanostructures, polycrystalline materials and amorphous materials.***The development of such new materials and advances in analytical tools and computational methods go hand-in-hand. In particular, nanomaterials require a drastic rethinking of existing tools and the development of new instrumentation and methods. X-ray diffraction, responsible for the majority of crystal structure information we have today, has had an immense success in the determination of structures from small-molecule to protein crystals and also has potential for understanding synthesis and characterization of novel materials. ***I am the PI of the Brockhouse X-Ray Diffraction and Scattering Sector project, a major expansion of the Canadian Light Source (CLS) funded by the Canadian Foundation of Innovation. The commissioning of the Brockhouse Sector beamlines is scheduled to commence in the middle of 2017. ***Having led the design and construction of the Brockhouse Sector (B. Diaz et.al., Reviews of Scientific Instruments 85, 085104, 2014), I look forward to leading the commissioning phase of this large project. My group will develop the sector's capabilities for High-Resolution Pair Distribution Function measurements (HR-PDF), resonant x-ray diffraction, in-situ diffraction studies, high-temperature diffraction, grazing incidence reciprocal space mapping methods and three-dimensional x-ray diffraction (3D-XRD) microscopy. The proposed funding will enable my graduate students to commission the diffraction end stations and take advantage of the first-light of this state-of-the-art Canadian infrastructure. ***Novel x-ray diffraction and scattering techniques will be developed by my group to enable quantitative structure studies of new materials. The last decade has seen development and refinement of many useful tools such as scanning probes and high-resolution electron microscopy. Likewise, x-ray methods have evolved and have provided surprising results and new capabilities. This is due to high-brilliance synchrotron sources, new x-ray optics, large area detectors and fast computers. In addition, conventional in-house x-ray diffraction facilities have become much more productive because of advances in x-ray generator technology, x-ray optics and the sophisticated instrumentation carried over from synchrotron facility technology.**