Design of Next Generation Smart Infrastructures and Service Platforms

云计算、软件定义的网络和机器到机器(M2M)通信这三种技术的融合为创建可提供前所未有的技术能力、可扩展性、能效、安全性、灵活性和经济性的应用平台提供了机会。云计算以前所未有的价格为应用程序提供按需计算能力。软件定义的网络允许灵活的网络设备根据应用的需求进行定制。M2M通信允许传感器和控制设备连接到互联网，以支持新的应用。这三种技术结合在一起，使应用程序在感知环境和环境状态的意义上变得智能。这些应用程序将用于管理智能基础设施中的资源(交通、电力、水、空气质量、建筑等)。他们还将提供新颖的服务，例如能够感知个人背景、活动日程和目标的个人助理。**我们认为计算和通信资源按多个层次组织，远程海量数据中心位于云的核心，智能边缘提供电信服务，然后是由网关、传感器和执行器设备组成的迷雾。由于各种不同的技术和不兼容的协议，在此多层云中创建和部署应用程序具有挑战性。我们的研究重点是设计跨越云、智能边缘和雾的管理系统，以协调资源分配到应用程序。**我们的研究团队为包括计算和通信在内的软件定义基础设施(SDI)提供了设计和实施管理系统的经验。我们的团队为SAVI国家应用平台试验台设计了管理系统，并在确保基础设施有效和高效运行的优化算法设计方面拥有丰富的经验。**在这个项目中，我们解决了四个相互关联的问题。首先，我们制定了在无线和光纤接入网络中部署计算资源的路线图。这些资源将使接入网络成为可由SDI管理员控制的扩展云的一部分。特别是，接入基础设施将被虚拟化，以便可以由虚拟服务提供商动态划分和共享。这些提供商将使用新的商业模式来提供目前不可行或不经济的新服务。我们的第二个研究目标是开发一个适用于M2M和物联网应用的平台，该平台使用新的互联协议来跨越雾和智能边缘。我们还将开发软件定义的管理，以支持从雾到云的端到端应用程序。我们的第三个目标是开发基于图形的优化算法来支持上述管理系统。**我们的最终目标包括设计一种新型的光开关(使用阵列波导光栅)，其特点是能够交换和传输非常大量的数据。我们的交换机可用于互连数据中心的计算机之间的流量，并可用于将用户站点的流量收集到网络的智能边缘。**我们的研究通过产生可商业化的知识产权和培养具有推动创新的技能和诀窍的毕业生，为加拿大带来了好处。

The convergence of three technologies -- cloud computing, software-defined networking, and machine-to-machine (M2M) communication -- provide an opportunity to create application platforms that offer unprecedented technical capabilities, scalability, energy efficiency, security, flexibility, and economics. Cloud computing provides on-demand computing power for applications at unprecedented price points. Software-defined networking allows flexible network equipment to be tailored to the needs of applications. M2M communication allows sensor and control devices to be attached to the Internet in support of new applications. In combination, these three technologies enable applications that are smart in the sense of being aware of context as well as the state of the environment. These applications will be used to manage resources in smart infrastructures (transportation, power, water, air quality, buildings etc). They will also provide novel services, such as a personal assistant that is aware of context, activity schedule, and goals of an individual.**We view computing and communications resources as organized in multiple tiers, with remote massive data centers at the heart of the cloud, a smart edge providing telecom services, and then a fog consisting of gateways and sensor and actuator devices. Creating and deploying applications across this multitier cloud is challenging because of the variety of diverse technologies and incompatible protocols. Our research focuses on the design of management systems that span the cloud, smart edge, and fog to coordinate the allocation of resources to applications. * *Our research team brings experience designing and implementing management systems for software-defined infrastructures (SDI) that include computing and communications. Our team designed the management system for the SAVI national testbed for application platforms and also has extensive experience in the design of optimization algorithms that ensure the effective and efficient operation of the infrastructures. **In this project we address four interrelated problems. First, we develop a roadmap for the deployment of computing resources in wireless and optical access networks. These resources will allow access networks to become part of an extended cloud that can be controlled by SDI managers. In particular, the access infrastructure will be virtualized so that it can be divided and shared dynamically by virtual service providers. These providers will use new business models to offer novel services that are currently infeasible or uneconomical. Our second research goal is to develop a platform for M2M and Internet-of-Things applications that uses new internetworking protocols to span the fog and the smart edge. We will also develop software-defined management to support applications end-to-end from the fog to the cloud. Our third goal is to develop graph-based optimization algorithms to support the above management systems.**Our final goal involves the design of a new class of optical switches (using array waveguide gratings) that are distinguished by their ability to switch and transfer very large volumes of data. Our switches can be applied to interconnect the traffic between computers in datacenters, and can serve to collect traffic from user sites into the smart edge of the network.**Our research provides benefits to Canada by generating commercializable intellectual property and by creating graduates with the skills and know-how to drive innovation.