Design of Mechatronics Systems

我的研究项目的全球背景已经是，并将在未来几年，在机电系统的设计，并在未来5年，我将专注于液体呼吸机的控制。全液体通气（TLV）包括用可呼吸的全氟化碳液体（PFC）完全填充肺部，并使用专用的液体呼吸机将液体移入和移出肺部。最终目标是为所有年龄段（新生儿、婴儿和成人）开发液体净化器，并在医院和救护车中引入TLV，用于不同的治疗。总之，液体呼吸机将为新生儿提供有效的肺灌洗，为严重急性呼吸窘迫患者提供上级呼吸支持，并通过快速诱导低温为中风幸存者提供神经保护作用。TLV中控制和监测策略的开发意味着对PFC填充肺中基本流体-结构相互作用的完美理解，因为TLV的基本原理是完全消除空气-肺界面。PFC填充肺中流体-结构相互作用的这种改变为患者提供了治疗优势，但也在气道中产生了基本的流动限制（气管可能不稳定和塌陷），并且PFC在肺中的流变学行为在很大程度上是未知的。学生PhD 1（1-3年级）的目标是制定实时监测策略（例如肺泡压力，呼吸力学等）。基于PFC在肺中的复杂流变行为的模型。学生MScA 1（1-2年级）的目标是模拟PFC填充气道中的流量限制非线性过程，以比较实际的流量控制策略。PhD 3（3-5年）的目标是优化不确定肺模型的流量控制策略（相对于成人体重，动物模型或人类，有或没有肺部疾病，正常体温或体温过低）。所有开发的算法和控制策略将通过体外和体内动物实验实施和评估。*所开发的监测策略将告知临床医生关于肺部疾病的进展，例如肺灌洗期间部分阻塞气道的状态。实际和优化的控制策略的优点/缺点将非常有助于临床医生确保有效和安全的TLV。*除了它承诺的研究见解（与TLV相关的出版物）之外，该计划还将提出振动模型和控制方法的发展，这些方法将影响其他领域。由于该计划将用于支持平行的临床前研究，以准备第一次人体试点研究，因此它将有助于重大的医学突破。第一次可行性研究在医疗领域的影响将是突出液体呼吸机。

The global context of my research program has been, and will be for the coming years, in the design of mechatronic systems, and for the next 5 years I will focus on the control of liquid ventilator.****Total liquid ventilation (TLV) consists in completely filling the lungs with a breathable perfluorocarbon liquid (PFC) and using a dedicated liquid ventilator to move the liquid into and from the lungs. The ultimate objective is to develop liquid ventilators for all ages (newborns, infants and adults) and introduce TLV in hospitals and ambulances for different therapeutic treatments. In fine, the liquid ventilator will provide an efficient lung lavage for newborns, a superior respiratory support for patients in severe acute respiratory distress, and neuroprotective effects by fast induction of hypothermia for stroke survivors.****The development of control and monitoring strategies in TLV implies a perfect understanding of fundamental fluid-structure interactions in PFC-filled lungs, since the fundamental principle of TLV is the total elimination of the air-lung interface. Such alteration of the fluid-structure interaction in PFC-filled lungs provides therapeutic advantages for patients, but also creates fundamental flow limitations in the airways (the trachea can be unstable and collapse) and the rheological behavior of PFC in the lungs is largely unknown.****The objective of student PhD1 (years 1-3) is to develop real-time monitoring strategies (e.g. alveolar pressure, respiratory mechanics, etc.) based on models of the complicated rheological behavior of PFC in the lungs. The objective of student MScA1 (years 1-2) is to model the flow limitation non-linear process in PFC-filled airways in order to compare the actual flow control strategies. The objective of PhD3 (years 3-5) is to optimize the flow control strategies for uncertain lung models (relative to adult weight, animal models or humans, with or without lung diseases, normothermia or hypothermia). All developed algorithms and control strategies will be implemented and assessed by in-vitro and in-vivo animal experiments.****The developed monitoring strategies will inform the clinician regarding lung disease evolution such as the state of the partially obstructed airways during lung lavage. The advantages/drawback of the actual and optimized control strategies will be very helpful to clinicians to ensure efficient and safe TLV.****In addition to the research insights it promises (publications related to TLV), this program will propose the development of vibration model and control methods that will impact other domains.****Since this program will be performed to support parallel pre-clinical research to prepare the first human pilot study, it will contribute in a major medical breakthrough. The impact in the medical field of this first feasibility study will be such that it will highlight the liquid ventilator.***