Distributed Clouds: Modularity and Deployment Methods

使用云服务的客户常常没有意识到它们的一些缺点。这些问题包括：(1)需要明确地复制服务以适应区域故障，(2)无法对数据位置进行精细控制，以及(3)大型数据中心可能位于受截然不同的隐私法约束的区域。尽管存在这些缺点，云提供了可负担、有效、动态可伸缩的基础设施，这对于满足不断增长的用户群和海量数据集的需求至关重要。当今社会的几乎每个方面都依赖于云服务，包括研究、政府、工业、医疗保健、教育、公民科学和娱乐。******拟议的研究计划创新了模块化和部署应用程序的新方法，这些应用程序将依赖于云计算和分布式系统的混合。关键的研究计划将包括在动态模拟系统级资源时建立准确性，以揭示部署策略中的关键特征，在软件工程成本和收益中遇到的权衡，以及在实际工作负载背景下的实用性和可持续性。需求将来自具有国家和国际意义的当前需求。拟议的研究项目将包括来自维多利亚大学CanAssist和加拿大海洋网络两个不同组织的跨学科团队。这些组织目前正在确定医疗保健和应急响应背景下监控系统的需求，并致力于探索解决方案，以克服与当今云相关的缺点。******通过揭示更多的底层平台并为开发人员提供这种“突破云”，基于云的应用程序不仅可以更好地控制数据的放置，还可以控制支持基础设施提供的服务质量。关键的挑战将是确定这些更改是否可以引入到现有的云范式中，而不会使应用程序开发人员不堪重负

Clients using cloud services are often caught unaware of some of their drawbacks.  These include: (1) the necessity to explicitly replicate services to accommodate zone failures, (2) the inability to have fine grain control over location of data, and (3) the fact that large megadata centers may reside in areas subject to vastly different privacy laws. Despite these drawbacks, clouds provide affordable, effective, dynamically scalable infrastructure vital to meet the needs of growing user populations and massive data sets. Almost every dimension of society relies on today's cloud services, including research, government, industry, healthcare, education, citizen science, and entertainment.******The proposed research program innovates with new methodologies for modularizing and deploying applications that will rely on a hybrid of cloud computing and distributed systems.  Key research initiatives will involve establishing accuracy when dynamically simulating system-level resources to reveal critical characteristics in deployment strategies, tradeoffs in the software engineering costs and benefits encountered, and practicality and sustainability in the context of real-world workloads.  Requirements will be derived from current needs that are of national and international significance. The proposed research program will include interdisciplinary teams from two different organizations at the University of Victoria, CanAssist and Oceans Networks Canada.  These organizations are currently identifying the needs of monitoring systems in the context of both healthcare and emergency response, and are committed to exploring solutions that will overcome the drawbacks associated with today's clouds.******By revealing more of the underlying platform and offering developers this "break in the clouds", cloud-based applications will have more control over not only the placement of data, but the quality of service provided by the supporting infrastructure. The key challenge will be to determine if these changes can be introduced to the existing cloud paradigm, without overwhelming application developers with complexity.**