Ecological Engineering Systems for Nutrient Reduction and Recovery from Agricultural Wastewater Sources

营养物从农业集水区迁移到地表水体和地下蓄水层，对公众健康和环境构成重大威胁，并在饮用水处理和娱乐潜力丧失方面造成高昂的经济成本。国际联合委员会（IJC，2014年）发表的一份报告指出，农业径流可以为水道提供重要的营养负荷，并规定农业作业是导致伊利湖最近严重水华的磷负荷的主要贡献者之一。该报告描述了农业系统已经从净磷汇发展到现在大多数农场都有净磷输出。在加拿大的湖泊和河流中，磷的含量增加，导致蓝藻水华的发展，导致毒素被释放到地表水体中。该研究计划涉及农业废水中N和P的减少和回收，包括四个相互关联的目标。第一个目标是开发一种技术来捕获和回收溶解磷作为人工湿地技术的一部分。该假设是，使用源的缓慢释放阳离子（即Ca 2+，Mg 2+，Fe 2 +/3+，Al 3+）加上沉淀池或过滤介质和定期desludging/去除，然后土地应用程序可以关闭循环的P在农业流域。技术开发将从实验室到试点再到实地规模。第二个目标是表征N和P负载和分馏（总，颗粒，溶解，N循环）在合作伙伴网站在东部安大略与完全仪表化的人工湿地系统代表典型的农业废水：种植系统排水，牛肉生产径流和乳制品生产冲洗水。第三个目的是研究人工湿地系统处理农业废水的N/P衰减机理和模型去除率。最终的目标是在现有的合作地点应用，验证和适应磷捕获技术。这三个现场配备了完整的流量测量仪器（带深度记录仪的V形缺口堰、泵运行时间记录仪）和水质采样（太阳能复合采样器、地下水压力计、零张力蒸渗仪）。所有水质分析工作将在渥太华大学环境工程实验室按照标准方法进行。HQP培训是研究计划的核心，有2个博士，6个硕士，以及参与磷回收技术开发、湿地特征描述和建模活动的几名工程硕士和本科生。与政府和工业界的密切合作为技术转让提供了一个强有力的平台。

Nutrient migration from agricultural catchments to surface water bodies and to groundwater aquifers present a significant threat to public health and to the environment as well as representing high economic costs in terms of drinking water treatment and loss of recreational potential. A report published by the International Joint Commission (IJC, 2014) states that agricultural runoff can contribute significant nutrient loads to watercourses and stipulates that agricultural operations are one of the major contributors of phosphorus loads responsible for the recent severity of algal blooms in Lake Erie. The report describes agricultural systems having evolved from being net phosphorus sinks to where there is now net phosphorus being exported from most farms. Heightened levels of phosphorus have been recorded in lakes and rivers across Canada and have resulted in the development of cyanobacterial blooms, which result in toxins being released into surface water bodies. This research program addresses N and P reduction and recovery from agricultural wastewaters and consists of four inter-related objectives. The first objective is to develop a technology to capture and recover dissolved P as a component to constructed wetland technology. The hypothesis is that the use of a source of slow-release cations (i.e. Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+/3+, Al3+) coupled with either a sedimentation pond or filtration media and periodic desludging/removal followed by land application can close the loop on P in agricultural drainage basins. Technology development will evolve from lab to pilot to field scale. The second objective is to characterize N and P loading and fractioning (total, particulate, dissolved, N cycling) at cooperator sites in Eastern Ontario with fully instrumented constructed wetland systems representing typical agricultural wastewaters: cropping system drainage, beef production runoff and dairy production washwaters. The third objective is to study N/P attenuation mechanisms and model removal rates in the constructed wetland systems treating agricultural wastewaters. The final objective is to apply, validate and adapt the P capture technology at the existing cooperator sites. The three field sites are fully instrumented for flow (v-notch weirs with depth loggers, pump runtime loggers) and water quality sampling (solar powered composite samplers, groundwater piezometers, zero-tension lysimeters). All water quality analytical work will be conducted at the University of Ottawa's environmental engineering laboratories following Standard Methods. HQP training is central to the research program, with 2 Ph.D, 6 M.A.Sc., and several M.Eng and Undergraduate students implicated in the development of the P-recovery technology, wetland characterization and modelling activities. Strong collaboration with government and industry provides a strong platform for technology transfer.