Decision support for the intensive care

重症监护室中的重症患者面临危及生命的健康状况，因此需要持续密切监测，以便在病情突然恶化的情况下及时进行干预。监测涉及在较长的时间间隔内采集和存档大量信号和数据。监测数据包括生命体征、血气浓度、通气参数和各种实验室结果以及医生记录。** 监测还包括由医生对患者健康的几个方面进行的主观视觉评估。当收集视觉评估数据时，通常没有主观性较低的替代方案可用于记录患者状态。目视评估包括：1-患者的一般能动性; 2-通过评估患者的眼睛运动确定的意识水平; 3-通过评估身体的一部分（例如腿、手臂或面部）的能动性的降低来完成的任何神经缺陷; 4-自发非机械通气呼吸的参数，例如频率和最大吸入量; 5-由呼吸引起的运动，例如胸部、腹部和其他次级肌肉的运动，以检测和评估收缩; 6-以及所有皮肤方面和颜色，例如发绀、紫癜、红斑、皮肤坏死和烧伤。视觉监测虽然被广泛采用，但本质上是主观和定性的。** 医生还通过触摸和按压患者的四肢来评估外周血管形成不足，以评估其相对温度。事实上，患者体表的热量分布提供了有关体内血管化变化的信息。更具体地，冰冷的四肢（例如手）表明存在血管化集中，其对应于损害浅表器官的深部器官心脏、大脑和肾脏的过度血管化。外周血管形成不足发生在严重血液动力学应激的情况下，例如心力衰竭、严重感染和大面积眼睑炎。这种评估是主观和定性的，只有当医生在病人床边时才有可能。我们的目标是支持医生为重症患者提供护理的决定。我们的目标是使用计算机视觉和人工智能来帮助评估重症监护室中患者的痛苦。更具体地说，我们打算专注于使用视频采集和机器学习的新发展来评估患者的呼吸困难，激动，意识水平和皮肤温度分布。我们的研究计划将通过提供对他们健康状况的持续和定量监测，改善为重症患者提供的护理，包括那些在偏远地区的患者。*****

Critically ill patients in the intensive care unit face life-threatening health conditions and thus, are continuously and closely monitored to enable prompt intervention in case of any sudden worsening of their condition. Monitoring involves acquiring and archiving a large number of signals and data over extended time intervals. Monitoring data includes vital signs, blood gas concentrations, ventilation parameters and various laboratory results, and physicians' notes. ******Monitoring also includes subjective visual assessments, performed by physicians, of several aspects of a patient's health. When visual assessment data is gathered there typically are no, less subjective, alternatives available to record patient state. Visual assessment includes: 1- the general motility of the patient; 2- the level of consciousness, determined through the evaluation of the patient's eyes movements; 3- any neurological deficit, done by evaluating the decrease in motility of one part of the body such as the leg, arm, or face; 4- the parameters of spontaneous non-mechanically ventilated respiration such as the frequency and the maximum inspired volume; 5- the movement induced by respiration such as the movement of the chest, abdomen, and other secondary muscles to detect and evaluate retractions; 6- and all skin aspects and color such as cyanosis, purpura, erythema, cutaneous necrosis, and burns. Visual monitoring, although widely employed, is nonetheless subjective and qualitative in nature. ******Physicians also evaluate the peripheral hypo-vascularization by touching and pressing a patient's extremities in order to assess their relative temperature. In fact, the heat distribution across a patient's body surface gives information about changes to the vascularization inside the body. More specifically, cold extremities (hands for instance) indicate the existence of a vascularization centralization which corresponds to a hyper-vascularization of the deep organs heart, brain and kidneys to the detriment of the superficial ones. Peripheral hypo-vascularization happens in situations of severe hemodynamic stress such as heart failures, severe infections, and massive bleedings. This evaluation is both subjective and qualitative, and is only possible when the physician is present at the patient's bedside.******Our objective is to support the decisions made by physicians providing care to critically ill patients. We aim to use computer vision and artificial intelligence to help in the assessment of patients' distress in the intensive care unit. More specifically, we intend to focus on assessing patient's breathing distress, agitation, consciousness level, and skin temperature distribution using new developments in video acquisition and machine learning.******Our research program will improve the care provided to critically ill patients, including those who are in remote regions, by providing continuous, and quantitative monitoring of their health distress situations. *****