Process Engineering for Advanced Chemically Bonded Ceramics (CBC)

我们的目标是实现室内或近室内高温处理的低成本，低二氧化碳排放的化学结合陶瓷CBC，具有高耐高温（> 1000C）和靶向离子封装（例如重金属或核废料）特性。(1)室温或近室温处理，(2)利用化学反应，而不是烧结，来获得离子/共价键合材料。适当处理的CBC可以在低温度（<100℃）的工艺中获得高耐高温（1000℃）的陶瓷，因为化学反应的CBC形成离子/共价键，并在升高的温度下发生相变。这些过程的动力学将被研究，以确定暴露在升高的温度下这种CBC的耐火性增加的速度。与OPC相比，它们的二氧化碳足迹可以减少10倍。具体而言，我们建议在两个主题1,2中研究与环境保护广泛相关的(A)结构和(B)功能应用的先进CBCs:***主题*1:（1A）结构和（1B）功能酸活化*磷硅酸盐水泥的基础和应用研究（PhD#1）。长期目标是开发磷酸键合矿物衍生的低成本低碱（Na， K）钙铝硅酸盐（如钙长石）的工艺技术，作为（1A）结构OPC的可行替代品，以及（1B）功能高温（耐火）陶瓷。1A和1B之间的重叠允许在简单的室温工艺中获得大量耐高温水泥，用于火灾敏感的住宅，交通运输*(例如。隧道)、工业（如石油化工）或军事建筑。***主题*2：碱活化（2A）结构和（2B）功能*土工聚合物的基础与应用研究GP（博士#2）。重点是低成本，室温处理碱活化的偏高岭石和废材料，如铝硅酸盐粉煤灰，用于（2A）无定形，低二氧化碳足迹GP的结构应用，以普通OPC替代为目标，以及（2B）微结构工程，原位沸石结晶GP的功能应用，以吸收和保留Cs， Sr， as或重金属Pb， Hg。

We aim to achieve room- or near-room T processed low-cost, low-CO2 emission Chemically Bonded Ceramics CBC with high-T (> 1000C) resistance and targeted ion encapsulation (e.g. heavy*metals or nuclear waste) properties. (I) room- or near-room-temperature*processing, and (II) use of chemical reactions, rather than sintering, to*achieve ionic/covalently bonded materials, will be utilized. Properly processed*CBC may lead to high-T (>1000C)*resistant ceramics obtained in a low-T (<100C) processes as the chemically reacting CBC form ionic/covalent bond*and undergo phase transformations at elevated T. The kinetics of these processes will be studied to determine the*speed of fire resistance increase of such CBCs exposed to elevated T. Because of the above two fundamentals*(I, II) of CBC processes and their mineral/waste raw materials, their CO2 footprint could be up to 10x smaller as compared to OPC. Specifically, we propose research into advanced CBCs for (A) structural and (B) functional*applications broadly related to environmental*protection, in two Themes 1,2:***Theme*1: Basic and Applied Studies on (1A) Structural and (1B) Functional Acid-Activated*Phospho-Silicate Cements (PhD#1). The long-term objective*is to develop process technology for phosphoric acid bonded mineral-derived,*low-cost low-alkali (Na, K) calcium alumino-silicates (such as anorthite) as (1A) viable replacement of structural OPC, and (1B) functional high-temperature (refractory) ceramics. An overlap between 1A and 1B allows to*obtain in a simple, room-temperature process large volumes of high-temperature*resistant cements for applications in fire-sensitive residential, transportation*(e.g. tunnels), industrial (e.g. petrochemical) or military structures.***Theme*2: Basic and Applied Studies on Alkali-Activated (2A) Structural and (2B) Functional*Geo-Polymers GP (PhD #2). The is focus on low-cost,*room-temperature processing of alkali-activated metakaolinite and waste*materials such as aluminosilicate fly-ash for (2A) structural applications of amorphous, low-CO2 footprint GP targeting general OPC replacement, and (2B) functional applications of microstructurally-engineered,*in-situ zeolite-crystallized GP targeting absorption and retention of Cs, Sr,*As, or heavy metals Pb, Hg.