Improving retrievals of soil moisture from active and passive microwave satellites

2015年初，美国国家航空航天局将发射土壤水分主动被动卫星平台。将利用从该卫星系统收集的数据开发的产品将包括以相对较高的空间分辨率（最小尺度为3x3公里）对土壤湿度进行的全球估计。 加拿大科学家对这颗卫星的产品非常感兴趣，因为人们发现，土壤湿度观测对于改进天气和气候预报、探测干旱和改进洪水预报十分重要。目前，在加拿大各地验证各种应用产品的工作主要集中在农业地区。然而，土壤水分状况的知识也是具有重要意义的北方和北极地区。包括永久冻土融化、温室气体排放和森林火灾在内的许多过程都与根区的水供应有着明确的联系。 遗憾的是，目前在加拿大北方地区缺乏观测，无法对该卫星上传感器的数据进行评估并加以改进。 拟议研究的目的是建立网络，评估SMAP科学小组在加拿大亚北极北部和北极苔原地区发布的土壤水分产品。根据这些评价和详细的网站特性的改进，这些网站的土壤水分检索将开发。**

In early 2015, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration will launch the Soil Moisture Active Passive satellite platform. Products that will be developed from the data collected from this satellite system will include a global estimate of soil wetness at relatively high spatial resolutions (3x3 kilometres at finest scale). Canadian scientists have great interest in the products from this satellite as observations of soil moisture have been found to be important for improving weather and climate forecasts, detection of drought and to improve the prediction of floods. Efforts to validate the products for various applications over Canada are currently concentrated in agricultural regions. However, knowledge of the soil moisture state is also of great significance to boreal and arctic regions. Numerous processes including permafrost melt, greenhouse gas emissions and forest fires have well established connections to water availability in the root zone. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of observations in Canada's northern regions where the data from the sensors aboard this satellite can evaluated and potentially improved. The purpose of the proposed research will be to establish networks for the evaluation of the soil moisture products to be released by the SMAP science team over sub-arctic boreal and arctic tundra regions in Canada. Based on these evaluations and detailed site characterization improvements to the soil moisture retrievals over these sites will be developed. **