Calculateur avancé de dommage d'éoliennes et estimateur de durée de vie restante

风力涡轮机的设计是根据给定地点的环境条件的估计概况来运行的。国际电工委员会64100-1标准根据这些条件定义了风力涡轮机类别。在设计过程中，制造商根据不同的等级对该设备进行尺寸标注。风力涡轮机在设计时的预期寿命名义上为20年。如今，魁北克风力涡轮机的平均使用年限约为10年。收购、安装和不可用的高昂成本促使风电场运营商质疑应该采取的最佳维护策略。因此，开发决策支持工具，以确定经济上合理的选择(例如，修理或更换)，同时将操作此类设备的风险降至最低。因此，准确估计这类设备的剩余可靠性成为舰队操作员面临的一个战略问题。该项目实施了涵盖断裂力学、可靠性、预测和学习等多个领域的多学科工作。除了已有的运行数据外，我们还计划为三台风力涡轮机配备仪器。使用常见的传感器(例如振动、温度...)在叶片和轮毂之间的连接处安装应变计(最大应力点)，预计可以捕捉到风引起的机械应力的实际轮廓。。这个捕获的轮廓将被外推，以模拟给定站点的合理的寿命轮廓。对地形地形的了解将推算出类似地点的轮廓。疲劳将作为主要的失效模式进行研究。预计的工作将有助于更好地了解结构上机械应力的性质和幅度，从而能够更准确地计算剩余寿命，并建立准确的预测。

Wind turbines are designed to operate according to an estimated profile of the environmental conditions of a given site. The IEC 64100-1 standard defines wind turbine classes according to these conditions. During the design, the manufacturers make the dimensioning of this equipment according to each class. The expected life of the wind turbines when they are designed is nominally 20 years. Today, the average age of wind turbines in Quebec is about 10 years. The high costs of acquisition, installation and unavailability drive wind farm operators to question the optimal maintenance policy to adopt. As a result, the development of decision support tools to establish an economically justified choice (e.g., repair or replacement) while minimizing the risk associated with operating such equipment. Thus, the precise estimate of the residual reliability of this type of equipment becomes a strategic issue for the fleet operators.This project implements multi-disciplinary work encompassing various areas such as fracture mechanics, reliability, prognosis and learning. In addition to operational data already available, we plan to instrument three wind turbines. With the usual sensors (e.g. vibration, temperature ...) and the installation of strain gauges at the connection between the blades and the hub (maximum stress point), it's expected to capture the actual profile of the mechanical stress induced by the wind. . This captured profile will be extrapolated to simulate a plausible life profile for a given site. Knowledge of the terrain topography will extrapolate the profile to similar sites. Fatigue will be studied primarily as the main mode of failure. The projected works will contribute to better knowing the nature and the amplitudes of the mechanical stresses on the structure, which will allow a more precise computation of the residual lifespan, and to establish precise predictions.