High performance building envelope for climate resilient buildings

建筑围护结构抵抗气候负荷的有效性决定了建筑的性能和耐久性、能源消耗以及实现净零/正能源状态的程度。雨水和径流造成的湿气侵入是造成许多建筑围护结构失效的主要原因，并且经常导致昂贵的维修，例如温哥华地区漏水的公寓。随着气候的变化，更高的温度和太阳辐射，更强的风和更多的降水，预计更频繁的风暴和极端天气事件。由于气候变化和潜在的湿气损害风险的增加，预计会导致高原上更高的WDR。今天建造和改造的建筑物需要适应气候变化。*******本研究的重点是1)促进对WDR及其在未来气候下对建筑围护结构的影响的理解；2)开发模型、设计工具和设计指南，以设计适合其预期微气候的建筑围护结构；3)开发用于改造的气候弹性建筑围护结构解决方案。该研究建立在申请人之前成功的“风雨及其对建筑围护结构的影响”研究基础之上，该研究在加拿大不同地区的大量建筑中产生了独特的现场WDR数据，建立了量化悬架有效性的经验相关性，并验证了CFD WDR模型。这些研究工作导致了一套关于ISO规定的建议，以便更准确地量化关于农业的世界发展目标。申请人还开发了一种随机建模方法，该方法考虑了各种不确定因素，以便更好地评估建筑围护结构的湿度风险。这些研究成果对于防止建筑围护结构过早失效、影响与建筑围护结构耐久性相关的建筑规范和标准以及应对气候变化具有重要意义。*******拟议的研究计划将涉及建模、实验室测试和现场测量之间的平衡。方法将包括：i)实验室和现场测量的径流与建模相结合，以更好地预测径流的WDR负荷；Ii)开发更好地评估未来气候下建筑围护结构湿度风险的方法，iii)开发气候适应性建筑围护结构系统的设计工具和指南；iv)开发具有成本效益和预先设计的建筑围护结构系统，这些系统可以产生能量，并且可以持久地进行改造。*******拟议的研究项目将支持加拿大政府将气候弹性纳入建筑设计、规范和指南的努力，为加拿大减少温室气体排放的国家目标做出贡献，并培训下一代建筑工程师和专业人员有效应对气候相关问题******

The effectiveness of the building envelope to resist climatic loads determines the performance and durability of the building, its energy consumption, and the extent to which its net-zero/plus energy status can be achieved. Moisture intrusion by wind-driven rain (WDR) and runoffs is the major source of moisture causing many building envelope failures and often results in costly repairs, such as the case of leaky condominium in Vancouver area. With a changing climate, higher temperature and solar radiation, stronger wind and higher amount of precipitation, more frequent storms and extreme weather events are expected. Higher WDR amount on façade caused by climate change and potentially increased moisture damage risks would be expected. Buildings built and retrofitted today need to be resilient to climate change.*******The focus of this research is to 1) advance the understanding of WDR and its impact on building envelopes under future climates; 2) develop models, design tools and guidelines for designing building envelopes suitable for their intended microclimate and 3) develop climate resilient building envelope solutions for retrofits. The proposed research built upon the applicant's successful previous research on “Wind-driven rain and its impact on building envelopes”, which has generated unique field WDR data on a large number of buildings in different regions of Canada, established empirical correlations for quantifying the effectiveness of overhang and a validated CFD WDR model. These research efforts have led to a set of recommendations on ISO provisions for more accurate quantification of WDR on façade. The applicant has also developed a stochastic modeling approach that takes into account a variety of uncertainties for a better assessment of moisture risks of building envelope. These research outcomes are important in preventing premature building envelope failures, impacting on building codes and standards related to building envelope durability, and addressing climate change.*******The proposed research program will involve a balance between modeling, laboratory testing and field measurements. The methodology will include: i) laboratory and field measurements of façade runoff combined with modeling to better predict the WDR load on façade; ii) development of methodology for better assessment of moisture risks of building envelopes under future climates, iii) development of design tools and guidelines for climate resilient building envelope systems; and iv) development of cost effective and pre-engineered building envelope systems that are energy generating and durable for retrofits.*******The proposed research program will support Canadian government's effort in integrating climate resiliency into building design, codes and guides, contribute to Canada's national objectives for the reduction of the GHG emission, and train the next generation of building engineers and professionals in effectively dealing with climate related issues.******