Earthquake source processes of natural and anthropogenic origins

在过去的几十年里，越来越密集和高分辨率的地球观测网络已经揭示了沿主要板块边界和相对稳定的板块内部的地震和地震变形模式的广泛频谱。地震能量释放以构造地震为主，人类资源勘探活动对地震活动的发生也起着重要作用。我的研究项目旨在从数值模拟和观测地震学的角度了解自然和人为地震的震源机制，包括地震和地震滑动过程。在数值模拟方面，我的小组将进一步发展地震物理模型，以理解主要俯冲带的幕式慢滑事件和与地震的相互作用。我们将利用陆上和海上卡斯卡迪亚边缘的大地测量和地震学观测来约束断层摩擦特性，这反过来将指导大型逆冲地震破裂情景模拟，用于地震危险性评估。这种方法将适用于其他有足够大地测量和地震覆盖的俯冲带。***在观测方面，我们将利用不列颠哥伦比亚省东北部密集阵列的地震、大地测量和地下水采样数据，据推断，在过去十年中，页岩气勘探期间的活跃水力压裂导致了地震活动率的急剧增加。通过将震源参数反演、地面位移监测和流体注入历史整合到孔隙弹性模型中，全面了解加拿大西部沉积盆地流体注入地震活动性的震源过程。我还将参与圣劳伦斯河沿岸海底地震仪实验的设计和实施，收集的数据将补充陆地站点的数据，以帮助约束地震活动的细节，并阐明加拿大东部地震活跃带的地壳和上地幔结构***我的研究计划将为我们理解沿主要边界断层和大陆内部地震带的断层滑动行为的广泛频谱做出根本性贡献，无论是自然的还是人为的起源。研究结果将促进地震和慢滑从概念认识向定量预测的转变，提高地震预报和灾害评估的能力。**

Over the past couple of decades, increasingly dense and high-resolution Earth observatory networks have revealed a wide spectrum of seismic and aseismic deformation modes along major plate boundaries and within relatively stable plate interiors. While tectonic earthquakes are dominant in seismic energy release, human activities in resource exploration are also making significant contributions to the occurrence of seismicity. My research program seeks to understand the source mechanism of natural and anthropogenic earthquakes, including seismic and aseismic slip processes, from the perspectives of numerical modeling and observational seismology. ***On the numerical modeling front, my group will further develop earthquake physics models for understanding episodic slow slip events and interaction with earthquakes in major subduction zones. We will use geodetic and seismological observations, onshore and offshore, along the Cascadia margin to constrain fault frictional properties, which in turn will guide megathrust earthquake rupture scenario simulations to be used in seismic hazard assessment. This approach will be applied to other subduction zones where there is sufficient geodetic and seismic coverage. ***On the observational front, we will utilize seismic, geodetic and groundwater sampling data from a dense array in northeast British Columbia, where active hydraulic fracturing during shale gas exploration has been inferred to cause a dramatic increase in seismicity rate in the past decade. By combining earthquake source parameter inversion, ground displacement monitoring and integration to fluid injection history to a poroelastic model, we seek to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the source processes of seismicity induced by fluid injection in the western Canada sedimentary basin. I will also participate in the design and implementation of an ocean bottom seismometer experiment along the St-Lawrence River, data collected from which will complement those from the land stations to help constrain details of seismicity and illuminate the crustal and upper mantle structure along active seismic zones in eastern Canada***In summary, my research program will make fundamental contributions to our understanding of a wide spectrum of fault slip behavior both along major boundary faults and continental interior seismic zones, of either natural or anthropogenic origins. The results will promote the transition from conceptual understanding towards quantitative prediction of earthquakes and slow slip, and improve our ability for earthquake forecast and hazard assessment. **