Compressed Air Energy Storage in Salt Caverns

随着风能和太阳能等可再生资源越来越多地融入电网，这些资源的间歇性和分散性对电网系统的可靠性和弹性产生了重大影响。存储介质不仅可以促进可再生能源的整合，还可以帮助解决本地和区域发电资源的平衡问题，并可以降低基本负荷需求水平。经济高效的大规模储能是提高电网整体性能和可靠性的必要条件。我们提出在加拿大盐穴的压缩空气储能（CAES）作为一个有前途的选择，使可再生能源发电的很大一部分进入电网。通过加拿大国家研究委员会，加拿大政府建立了电网安全和现代化储能倡议。安大略省政府在其长期能源计划中，也致力于解决限制储能技术在安大略省电力市场竞争能力的监管障碍。到2014年底，政府将把储能技术纳入其采购过程，从50MW开始，并在持续的基础上评估额外的参与。为了在全电网范围内成功实现CAES在加拿大的商业化，我们建议盐穴作为最合适的地质介质，它以层状形式存在于安大略省西南部和阿尔伯塔省中东部。在新斯科舍省、新不伦瑞克省和萨斯喀彻温省也存在适合CAES的盐层。本研究项目的领域包括：洞穴设计的地球科学和岩土工程分析，包括溶解在盐中的长通道的新概念，涡轮机运行的热力学评估，设计和循环，包括热清除，以及网格集成建模，以评估存储设施和位置对变量产生的规模效应（时间和大小方面的间歇性输入）和能力

As renewable resources such wind and solar are increasingly integrated into the power grid, the intermittentand dispersed nature of these resources is having a significant impact on the reliability and resilience of the gridsystem. A storage medium not only can facilitate renewables integration, but can also help address thebalancing of local and regional generation sources, and can reduce the level of base load need. Cost-effectiveenergy storage on a large scale is necessary to improve overall performance and enhance reliability of the grid.We propose Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) in Salt Caverns in Canada as a promising option toenable a large share of renewable energy generation into the power grid.Through the National Research Council Canada, the Canadian government has established the Energy Storagefor Grid Security and Modernization Initiative. The Ontario government, in its Long-Term Energy Plan, is alsocommitted to address regulatory barriers that limit the ability of energy storage technologies to compete inOntario's electricity market. By the end of 2014, the government will include storage technologies in itsprocurement process, starting with 50MW and assessing additional engagement on an ongoing basis.For successful commercialization of CAES in Canada on a grid-wide basis, we propose salt caverns as themost suitable geological medium and it is present in bedded form in southwest Ontario and east-centralAlberta. Suitable salt strata for CAES are also present in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Saskatchewan. Thedomains of this research project include: geoscience and geotechnical analysis of cavern design including thenovel concept of long galleries dissolved in salt, thermo-mechanical assessment of turbine operation, designand cycling, including heat scavenging, and grid integration modeling to assess scale effects of storage facilitiesand locations on variable generation (intermittent input in terms of time and magnitude) and capability for