Superconducting single photon detectors for quantum optics and spectroscopy up to 2.5 microns

量子光学一直是探索和理解物理学中一些最非凡概念的主要贡献者，如光子反聚束和聚结，真空拉比振荡，纠缠和隐形传态。这些概念和其他相关概念现在正被用作在计量、传感、通信和计算领域开发新的和增强的技术的资源。* 近年来，我们的团队在这些技术方面做出了开创性的贡献：我们研制了具有大光学偶极矩的单光子发射器，我们应用并改进了单空穴系统中量子态的相干控制，我们首次解决了电场的量子统计问题。（包括真空）在子周期时间尺度上，我们已经开发了精确光谱学的新工具和方法，我们应用外延生长技术来存款同位素富集的半导体以及用于经典和量子技术的新的IV族材料。* 为了支持这些活动和本提案中描述的研究计划，我们的团队要求高量子效率超导单光子探测器（SSPD）系统在1.6至2.5微米的波长范围内优化快速时间响应和高计数率。目前在Polytechnique和蒙特利尔大学不可用，这个重要的工具将提供解决量子光学和半导体量子技术领域几个突出机会的手段：实现硅量子光子学的高相干量子光源，演示第一个在1-20 THz波段工作的高灵敏度单光子探测器，以及开发新型材料，其中高迁移率光空穴的二维气体在量子技术中的应用具有很大的前景。* 通过在量子光学和半导体量子技术的最前沿实现最高水平的研究，该仪器将有助于进一步提高加拿大的研究竞争力，并在吸引和培训最高质量的HQP方面发挥重要作用。*****

Quantum optics has been a major contributor to the exploration and understanding of some of the most extraordinary concepts in physics, such as photon antibunching and coalescence, vacuum Rabi oscillations, entanglement, and teleportation. These and other related concepts are now being exploited as resources to develop new and enhanced technologies in the fields of metrology, sensing, communications and computations. ***In recent years, our team has made seminal contributions in connection to these technologies: we have developed single photon emitters with large optical dipole moments, we have applied and refined coherent control of quantum states in single hole systems, we have resolved for the first time the quantum statistics of electric fields (including that of the vacuum) on subcycle time scales, we have developed new tools and methods for precision spectroscopy, we apply techniques of epitaxial growth to deposit isotopically enriched semiconductors as well as new group-IV materials for both classical and quantum technologies. ***To support these activities and the research program described in this proposal, our team requests a high quantum efficiency Superconducting Single Photon Detector (SSPD) system optimized for fast temporal response and high count rates in the wavelength range from 1.6 to 2.5 microns. Currently unavailable at Polytechnique and the Université de Montréal, this important tool will provide the means to address several outstanding opportunities in the field of quantum optics and semiconductor quantum technologies: the realization of highly-coherent quantum light sources for silicon quantum photonics, the demonstration of the first high-sensitivity single-photon detector operating in the 1-20 THz band, and the development of new class of materials where two-dimensional gas of high-mobility light-holes holds great promise for applications in quantum technologies. ***By enabling research of the highest caliber at the forefront in quantum optics and semiconductor quantum technologies, this instrumentation will serve to further enhance Canada's research competitiveness and play an important role in attracting and training HQP of the highest quality. *****