A four-channel superconducting single-photon counter for next-generation quantum light sources, ultrafast quantum optics, and foundational experiments

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Optical technologies have widespread impact in modern life through a range of applications, including medical imaging and surgery, communication, machining, and precision measurement. Quantum optical technologies aim to exploit the uniquely quantum properties of light to process and communicate information as efficiently as nature allows. Since quantum optical technologies rely on our ability to detect and generate light, significant advances in detectors directly enable technological breakthroughs.******Until very recently, the best single-photon detectors available were silicon avalanche photodiodes (APDs). A focused effort on developing a superior alternative has led to the realization and commercialization of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). These detectors offer dramatically improved detection efficiency of near infrared and telecom band single photons, and significantly reduced dark count noise and temporal jitter. They exceed the specifications of silicon avalanche photodiodes in these critical parameters to such an extent that they represent a technological turning point in quantum optical technologies. We are requesting funds to acquire a four-channel superconducting single-photon detection system that comprises four detection channels and a closed-cycle cryostat.******This detection system will afford my group with a significant competitive advantage going forward in experimental quantum optics research. In the near term, this system will enable advances in the following research streams pursued by my team: next-generation quantum light sources, ultrafast quantum optics, and foundational experiments. Their improved detection efficiency and low noise will allow us to perform multiphoton entanglement experiments in just 1 hour, instead of several days using current detectors. They will allow us to take advantage of the best nonlinear optical materials facilitating the strongest possible interactions between ultrafast laser pulses and single photons. They will provide the photon collection efficiency needed to perform the ultimate loophole free tests of quantum noncontextuality, a very useful and general signature of quantum behavior.******The detectors will be used immediately for the thesis research of 3 graduate students and will be accessed in the future by additional highly-qualified personnel (HQP) at all levels, including undergraduate and post-doctoral researchers. The HQP will gain extensive experience with state-of-the-art detectors as well as lasers, optics, and cryogenics. Their research results will be presented in top-tier scientific journals and international conferences, thereby gaining valuable oral and written communication skill, enhancing their profile, and launching their own careers.**