Personalized Contingent Neurostimulation for Epilepsy by Machine Learning in Organic Brain Interfaces

癫痫是一种慢性神经系统疾病，其特征是不可预测、致残 癫痫发作。这种破坏性的疾病使死亡率增加4倍，抑郁症增加2倍。 人口比率。不幸的是，癫痫非常常见，每100人中就有1人受到影响， 在33%的病例中，药物不能防止癫痫发作。一种新兴技术来帮助这样的人 难治性癫痫患者是或有神经刺激装置。这些设备 植入患者体内，这样它们就可以检测到癫痫样活动并进行电刺激 防止/中止癫痫发作的神经系统。最近，两支商业队伍 神经刺激剂已被批准用于治疗癫痫。这些设备已经证明 在减少癫痫发作活动方面取得了成功，但其疗效较低。特别是，它们是 不太可能产生癫痫发作自由，这是恢复患者独立性所必需的 和生活质量。 现有神经刺激设备取得如此有限成功的主要原因 是：(A)它们使用的基本(稀疏和大)电极与 大脑和(B)在癫痫检测和堕胎能力方面极其简单化 由于基本电子设备的使用受到植入物能量限制的限制。我们 建议结合(A)来自我们的先进的脑接口电极技术 合作伙伴Panaxium和(B)我们能效最高的植入式电子电路 使用人工智能进行最佳的癫痫发作预测和预防-大大 提高神经调节疗法治疗难治性癫痫的无发作疗效。 我们的团队对于这个项目来说是独一无二的。它是由一位低功率专家领导的 生物医学和计算电子学(Genov)，癫痫神经外科医生和专家 脑神经生理学(Valiante)和Panaxium技术商业化领先者 以及拥有20年行业经验的老手(Weinroth)。

Epilepsy is a chronic, neurological condition characterized by unpredictable, disabling seizures. This devastating disorder increases mortality by 4 times and depression by 2 times population rates. Unfortunately, epilepsy is extremely common, affecting 1 in 100 people, and in 33% of cases, medications do not prevent seizures. An emerging technology to aid such patients with drug-resistant epilepsy is contingent neurostimulation devices. These devices are implanted in a patient so that they can detect epileptiform activity and electrically stimulate the nervous system to prevent/abort seizures. Recently, two commercial contingent neurostimulators have been approved for treating epilepsy. These devices have proven successful at reducing seizure activity, however their efficacy is low. In particular, they are very unlikely to produce seizure freedom, which is necessary to restore patient independence and quality of life. The primary reasons why existing neurostimulation devices have had such limited success are that: (a) they use rudimentary (sparse and large) electrodes that poorly interface with the brain and (b) they are extremely simplistic in their seizure detection and abortion capabilities due to the use of basic electronics as constrained by energy limitations of an implant. We propose to combine (a) the far superior brain-interfacing electrode technology from our partner Panaxium and (b) our energy-efficient state-of-the-art implantable electronic circuits that employ artificial intelligence for optimal seizure prediction and prevention - to greatly improve the seizure-freedom efficacy of the neuromodulation therapy for intractable epilepsy. Our team is uniquely well qualified for this project. It is led by an expert in low-power biomedical and computational electronics (Genov), an epilepsy neurosurgeon and an expert in brain neurophysiology (Valiante), and Panaxiums Technology Commercialization Leader and a 20-year industry veteran (Weinroth).