To further the understanding of upper atmospheric dynamics using existing and future satellite observations

这个应用程序建立在“旧的”基础上来创建“新的”。1991年，我构想的一种名为“风成像干涉仪”（WINDII）的仪器在美国宇航局的高层大气研究卫星上发射升空，这是一种宽场相位步进迈克尔逊干涉仪。它是在加拿大工业中与法国合作建造的。资金来自加拿大航天局，科学分析由NSERC支持。它的目标是测量地球表面上方85至300公里之间大气的风和气辉排放率。WINDII的质量为45公斤，在一颗7000公斤的卫星上，它的尺寸使其具有非凡的性能成为可能。WINDII一直运行到2003年，从大约2300万张高层大气图像中获得了独特的结果，发表了149篇论文，其中申请人是28篇论文的第一作者，74篇论文的共同作者。最近的研究是由Dhadly等人（2017,a,b）结合地基和卫星结果对极地大气中的风进行的，其中WINDII数据提供了任何其他仪器都无法获得的风。WINDII提供了关于高层大气动力学的新知识，通过对其成分的研究，以及在WINDII之前所知甚少的迁移和非迁移潮汐，并且还会有进一步的贡献。2017年12月，美国宇航局将发射一种名为MIGHTI的仪器，该仪器将在大约26年后提供与WINDII相当的第一批结果，揭示那段时间的大气变化。

This application builds on "the old" to create "the new". In 1991, an instrument of my conception called "The Wind Imaging Interferometer" (WINDII), was launched on NASA's Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite, a field-widened phase-stepping Michelson interferometer. It was built in Canadian industry, in collaboration with France. Funding was from the Canadian Space Agency with the scientific analysis supported by NSERC. Its objective was to measure winds and airglow emission rates of the atmosphere between 85 and 300 km above the Earth's surface. WINDII had a mass of 45 kg, on a 7000 kg satellite, whose size made possible exceptional performance. WINDII operated until 2003, obtaining unique results from some 23 million images of the upper atmosphere, producing 149 refereed publications of which the applicant was the lead author on 28 and co-author on 74. Most recent were by Dhadly et al. (2017,a,b) on winds in the polar atmosphere incorporating ground-based and satellite results in which the WINDII data provided winds not accessible to any other instrument. WINDII has provided new knowledge of the dynamics of the upper atmosphere, through the study of its constituents, and its migrating and non-migrating tides about which little was known before WINDII, and further contributions are to come. In December, 2017, a NASA instrument called MIGHTI will be launched that will provide the first results comparable to WINDII, some 26 years later, revealing the atmospheric changes over that time. Following the success of WINDII, other approaches were considered for future Canadian missions. One supported by the CSA was adding Spatial Heterodyne Spectroscopy (SHS) to the WINDII approach. With this, the phase stepping is accomplished with no moving components and with all phase elements observed simultaneously rather than sequentially. The first version of this was for the measurement of water vapour in the atmosphere and this was flown on a high-altitude balloon and has just been flown on the NASA ER-2 aircraft. As a result we were approached by Dr. Martin Kaufmann of the Juelich Institute of Energy and Climate Reseach in Germany in 2015 for a collaboration on upper atmospheric temperature, including atomic oxygen concentration, and an SHS instrument was jointly designed with their funding. Called AtmoSHINE, it was built in Germany but with no flight opportunity. Through York University contacts with the Beijing Aerospace Control Centre space was found on a Chinese satellite and launch is planned for June, 2018. Thus the proposed work will combine "the new" with "the old" in conducting the following program. 1. Continued analysis of WINDII results, extending the current knowledge for the benefit of Canadians. 2. Analysis of AtmoSHINE results on large scale waves in temperature and atomic oxygen concentrations. 3. Comparison of WINDII results with those from MIGHTI, taken 26 years later, to assess atmospheric change.