Design Integration and Coordination of Closed-Loop Supply Chains for Sustainable Manufacturing

自然资源的枯竭及其对社会和经济的负面影响正迫使政府、行业和学术界解决社会和环境问题，并彻底改变制造和供应链系统的设计方式。面对日益严重的环境问题，在闭环供应链框架内协调、整合和设计可持续制造系统变得尤为重要。美国商务部将可持续制造定义为“制造产品的过程对环境的负面影响最小化，节约能源和自然资源，对员工、社区和消费者安全，并具有经济效益”。“闭环供应链”一词被Guide和Van Wassenhove在2009年的一篇文章中定义为直接或间接从客户手中收回产品，并通过重复使用整个产品或其部分组件或部件来回收附加价值的系统。值得注意的是，实现可持续制造需要一种全面的方法，不仅包括产品和制造过程，还包括整个供应链，包括跨多个产品生命周期的物流和制造系统。鉴于此，本研究计划解决了在闭环供应链框架内运行的可持续制造系统的几个协调、集成和设计问题，其中同时考虑了可持续制造系统和闭环供应链的设计，包括产品设计、环境影响、成本会计和质量问题对整个系统的影响。

The depletion of natural resources and their negative impacts on the society and economy are forcing governments, industry, and academia to address social and environmental concerns as well as for radical changes in the way manufacturing and supply chain systems are to be designed. Facing such heightened environmental concerns, coordination, integration, and design of Sustainable Manufacturing Systems operating within a framework of Closed-Loop Supply Chains become particularly important. Sustainable Manufacturing is defined as "the creation of manufactured products that use processes that minimize negative environmental impacts, conserve energy and natural resources are safe for employees, communities and consumers and are economically sound" by the US Department of Commerce. The term "Closed-Loop Supply Chain" is defined as the system that takes back products directly or indirectly from customers and recovers added value by reusing the entire product or some of its components or parts by Guide and Van Wassenhove in their 2009 article. It should be noted that achieving sustainable manufacturing requires a holistic approach encompassing not only of the product and the manufacturing processes but also the entire supply chain including the logistics and manufacturing systems across multiple product life-cycles. In view of these, this research program addresses several coordination, integration, and design problems of Sustainable Manufacturing Systems operating within a framework of Closed-Loop Supply Chains where a simultaneous consideration is given to the design of Sustainable Manufacturing Systems and Closed-Loop Supply Chains with inclusion of the impact of product design, environmental impact, cost accounting and quality issues into the overall system.