Process Engineering for Advanced Chemically Bonded Ceramics (CBC)

我们的目标是实现室温或近室T加工的低成本、低二氧化碳排放的化学结合陶瓷CBC，具有高T(&gT；1000°C)抗性和定向离子封装(例如重金属或核废料)特性。将利用(I)室温或接近室温的处理以及(Ii)使用化学反应而不是烧结来实现离子/共价结合材料。经过适当处理的CBC可能会导致在低温(&lt；100°C)工艺中获得耐高温(&gt；1000°C)陶瓷，因为CBC的化学反应形成离子/共价键，并在T升高时发生相变。这些过程的动力学将被研究，以确定此类CBC在升高T下耐火增加的速度。由于CBC工艺及其矿物/废料原材料的上述两个基本原理(I，II)，它们的二氧化碳足迹可能比OPC小10倍。具体地说，我们建议研究先进的CBCs，用于(A)结构和(B)与环境保护广泛相关的功能应用，在两个主题1，2：主题1：基础和应用研究(1A)结构和(1B)功能酸活化磷硅酸盐水泥(博士1)。长期目标是开发磷酸结合矿物衍生的低成本低碱(Na，K)铝硅酸钙(如钙长石)的工艺技术，作为(1A)结构OPC的可行替代品，以及(1B)功能高温(耐火)陶瓷。1A和1B之间的重叠允许通过简单的常温工艺获得大量耐高温水泥，用于对火灾敏感的住宅、交通(例如隧道)、工业(例如石化)或军事结构中的应用。主题2：碱激发的(2A)结构和(2B)功能地质聚合物的基础和应用研究GP(PHD#2)。重点是低成本、室温处理碱激发的偏高岭石和废弃材料，如铝硅酸盐飞灰，用于(2A)非晶态、低二氧化碳足迹GP的结构应用，以及(2B)微结构工程的原位沸石晶化GP的功能应用，其目标是吸收和保留Cs、Sr、As或重金属Pb、Hg。

We aim to achieve room- or near-room T processed low-cost, low-CO2 emission Chemically Bonded Ceramics CBC with high-T (> 1000°C) resistance and targeted ion encapsulation (e.g. heavy metals or nuclear waste) properties.  (I) room- or near-room-temperature processing, and (II) use of chemical reactions, rather than sintering, to achieve ionic/covalently bonded materials, will be utilized. Properly processed CBC may lead to high-T (>1000°C) resistant ceramics obtained in a low-T (<100°C) processes as the chemically reacting CBC form ionic/covalent bond and undergo phase transformations at elevated T. The kinetics of these processes will be studied to determine the speed of fire resistance increase of such CBCs exposed to elevated T. Because of the above two fundamentals (I, II) of CBC processes and their mineral/waste raw materials, their CO2 footprint could be up to 10x smaller as compared to OPC. Specifically, we propose research into advanced CBCs for (A) structural and (B) functional applications broadly related to environmental protection, in two Themes 1,2: Theme 1: Basic and Applied Studies on (1A) Structural and (1B) Functional Acid-Activated Phospho-Silicate Cements (PhD#1). The long-term objective is to develop process technology for phosphoric acid bonded mineral-derived, low-cost low-alkali (Na, K) calcium alumino-silicates (such as anorthite) as (1A) viable replacement of structural OPC, and (1B) functional high-temperature (refractory) ceramics. An overlap between 1A and 1B allows to obtain in a simple, room-temperature process large volumes of high-temperature resistant cements for applications in fire-sensitive residential, transportation (e.g. tunnels), industrial (e.g. petrochemical) or military structures. Theme 2: Basic and Applied Studies on Alkali-Activated (2A) Structural and (2B) Functional Geo-Polymers GP (PhD #2). The is focus on low-cost, room-temperature processing of alkali-activated metakaolinite and waste materials such as aluminosilicate fly-ash for (2A) structural applications of amorphous, low-CO2 footprint GP targeting general OPC replacement, and (2B) functional applications of microstructurally-engineered, in-situ zeolite-crystallized GP targeting absorption and retention of Cs, Sr, As, or heavy metals Pb, Hg.