Sustainability of Fisheries, Coasts and Oceans - Integrated Systems Approaches

这项由NSERC支持的研究提供了必要的决策支持工具和知识库，以应对加拿大和当今世界面临的最具挑战性的问题之一：实现人类对渔业、海洋和海岸的可持续利用。由于加拿大拥有世界上最长的海岸线，迎接这一挑战在这里尤为关键，特别是考虑到世界各地海岸和海洋面临的压力迅速增加。为了迎接这些挑战，这项工作应用了“系统思维”，将自然、人类和管理因素整合在一起，从而帮助解决现实世界的问题。将为渔业、沿海和海洋系统制定有效的可持续发展战略的更好指导方针，以平衡相互竞争的用途，并加强海洋生态系统、渔业和沿海社区的可持续性。这项研究有四个主要方面：1.在有效的基于生态系统的管理和基于社区的海洋养护方法的基础上，在国家、区域和地方各级制定综合渔业管理框架，并产生支持渔业可持续性的有用的决策工具。2.通过增进对人类、自然和管理系统及相互作用的了解，并为有效的海洋和沿海管理以及海洋保护区作出贡献，帮助解决渔业和海洋生物多样性养护倡议之间的冲突。3.加强渔业管理和气候适应进程之间的联系，帮助沿海社区更好地预测和更有效地适应气候变化，包括海洋酸化，从而改善渔业和沿海社区对气候变化的适应。4.支持沿海社区利用参与性办法规划其未来，使社区参与制定环境管理和经济发展的地方计划，然后参与未来的情景分析和动态建模。这项研究的意义在于，它为面临可持续性威胁的渔业以及必须平衡竞争使用的沿海和海洋地区的可持续发展战略提供了指导。将制作工具，使海洋产业和社会能够更好地评估环境和可持续性影响，并提高环境和资源管理的效率。这项研究将突出健康生态系统和健康社区的重要性，以及生物多样性保护和气候变化行动。为确保产生重大影响，这项工作将与渔业和其他海洋使用部门、原住民和沿海社区以及各国政府和国际组织密切合作进行。此外，参与这项研究的学生将从一种强有力的跨学科方法中受益，这种方法为新一代提供了应对未来环境和可持续发展挑战所需的各种技能。

This NSERC-supported research provides the decision support tools and knowledge base needed to meet one of the most challenging problems facing Canada and the world today: achieving sustainability in human uses of fisheries, oceans and coasts. As Canada has the longest coastline of the world, meeting this challenge is especially crucial here, especially given the rapidly increasing pressures on coasts and oceans around the world. To meet these challenges, this work applies `systems thinking' to integrate natural, human and management factors, and thus to help solve real-world problems. Better guidelines for effective sustainable development strategies will be produced for fisheries, coastal and marine systems, to balance competing uses and enhance sustainability of ocean ecosystems, fishing industries and coastal communities. The research has four main aspects: 1.Developing integrated fishery management frameworks at national, regional & local scales based on effective ecosystem-based management and community-based marine conservation approaches, and producing useful decision-making tools supporting fishery sustainability. 2.Helping to resolve conflicts between fisheries and ocean biodiversity conservation initiatives through improved knowledge of human, natural and management systems and interactions, and contributions to effective ocean and coastal management, and marine protected areas. 3.Improving climate change adaptation in fisheries and coastal communities by forging better links of fishery management and climate adaptation processes, and aiding coastal communities to better predict and more effectively adapt to climate changes, including ocean acidification. 4.Supporting coastal communities in planning their future using participatory approaches that involve communities in forming local plans for environmental stewardship and economic development, and then engaging in scenario analysis and dynamic modelling of the future. The significance of this research lies in the guidance it provides for sustainable development strategies in fisheries facing sustainability threats, and in coastal and ocean areas that must balance competing uses. Tools will be produced to enable marine industries, and society, to better evaluate environmental and sustainability impacts, and to improve the efficiency of environmental and resource management. The research will highlight the importance of healthy ecosystems and healthy communities, as well as biodiversity conservation and climate change action. To ensure a significant impact, the work will take place in close collaboration with the fishery and other ocean use sectors, First Nations and coastal communities, as well as governments and international organizations. Furthermore, students involved in this research will gain from a strong interdisciplinary approach that provides to new generations the diverse skills needed to address environmental and sustainability challenges into the future.